Department of Sociology and Population Program, IBS, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA.
Soc Sci Res. 2013 Mar;42(2):465-81. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2012.09.003. Epub 2012 Sep 13.
We use human capital theory to develop hypotheses regarding the extent to which the association between educational attainment and US adult mortality is mediated by such economic and social resources as family income and social support; such health behaviors as inactivity, smoking, and excessive drinking; and such physiological measures as obesity, inflammation, and cardiovascular risk factors. We employ the NHANES Linked Mortality File, a large nationally representative prospective data set that includes an extensive number of factors thought to be important in mediating the education-mortality association. We find that educational differences in mortality for the total population and for specific causes of death are most prominently explained by family income and health behaviors. However, there are age-related differences in the effects of the mediating factors. Higher education enables individuals to effectively coalesce and leverage their diverse and substantial resources to reduce their mortality and increase their longevity.
我们运用人力资本理论提出假设，探讨教育程度与美国成年人死亡率之间的关联在多大程度上受到家庭收入和社会支持等经济和社会资源、不活动、吸烟和过量饮酒等健康行为以及肥胖、炎症和心血管风险因素等生理指标的影响。我们利用 NHANES 链接死亡率文件，这是一个大型全国代表性前瞻性数据集，其中包括许多被认为在中介教育与死亡率关系方面很重要的因素。我们发现，对于整个人口和特定死因，死亡率方面的教育差异主要由家庭收入和健康行为来解释。然而，中介因素的影响在年龄上存在差异。较高的教育程度使个人能够有效地整合和利用其多样化且大量的资源，以降低死亡率并延长寿命。
