Heyne David, Brouwer-Borghuis Marije
Leiden University, NL.
SWV VO/VSO 2301 Almelo, NL.
Contin Educ. 2022 May 18;3(1):25-40. doi: 10.5334/cie.42. eCollection 2022.
School refusal (SR) signals a young person's difficulty attending school. It jeopardizes their development, often contributes to distress for parents, and places an extra burden on school personnel. Reviews of empirical studies indicate that intervention for SR helps to increase school attendance, but not for all youths. This practice-based manuscript aims to support practitioners and organisations addressing the needs of youths and families affected by SR. Specifically, we present 14 signposts for the development and delivery of intervention for SR. The signposts represent important conditions for effective intervention based on key findings from the Knowing What Works project in the Netherlands. During that project, 76 professionals shared their views about the important elements in SR interventions they delivered, and 39 youths and 86 parents shared their views about the helpful elements in SR interventions in which they participated. These 201 stakeholders were variously associated with 21 SR interventions across 9 of the 12 Dutch provinces, most situated in mainstream or special education settings. Their responses informed the development of the 14 signposts presented here, supported by the extant literature on SR intervention. We describe the essence of each signpost and conclude with suggestions for using the signposts and evaluating their utility.
学校拒学（SR）表明年轻人在上学方面存在困难。这会危及他们的发展，常常给家长带来困扰，并给学校工作人员增加额外负担。实证研究综述表明，对学校拒学的干预有助于提高出勤率，但并非对所有青少年都有效。这份基于实践的手稿旨在为应对受学校拒学影响的青少年和家庭需求的从业者及组织提供支持。具体而言，我们提出了14条学校拒学干预发展与实施的路标。这些路标代表了基于荷兰“了解有效方法”项目的关键发现得出的有效干预的重要条件。在该项目中，76名专业人员分享了他们对所实施的学校拒学干预中重要因素的看法，39名青少年和86名家长分享了他们对所参与的学校拒学干预中有益因素的看法。这201名利益相关者与荷兰12个省份中9个省份的21项学校拒学干预措施有着不同程度的关联，这些干预措施大多位于主流或特殊教育环境中。他们的反馈为这里呈现的14条路标提供了参考依据，并得到了现有学校拒学干预文献的支持。我们描述了每条路标的要点，并以关于使用这些路标及评估其效用的建议作为结尾。
