Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Lancet Infect Dis. 2013 Feb;13(2):166-74. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(12)70316-X.
About 20 species of rapidly growing mycobacteria species that are capable of infecting human beings and causing bloodstream infections have been identified. Many more of these species are being discovered worldwide, especially in resource-poor settings. These microorganisms have been known to cause outbreaks and pseudo-outbreaks. Although rapidly growing mycobacteria are not highly virulent or life threatening, they have a high predisposition to create biofilms and to colonise and infect intravascular catheters. Early detection and identification of specific species can help to estimate predictable antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. However, because susceptibility data originate from developed countries, studies in resource-poor settings urgently need to be done. The best outcome of cure without recurrence depends on a combination of at least 4 weeks of treatment with two or more active antimicrobial agents, plus removal of the intravascular catheter. We review and discuss the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, management, and outcomes of rapidly growing mycobacterial bloodstream infections.
已鉴定出约 20 种能够感染人类并引起血流感染的快速生长分枝杆菌。在世界范围内，特别是在资源匮乏的环境中，发现了越来越多的这些物种。这些微生物已被证明会引起暴发和假暴发。虽然快速生长的分枝杆菌的毒力或生命威胁并不高，但它们很容易形成生物膜，并定植和感染血管内导管。早期检测和鉴定特定物种有助于估计可预测的抗菌药物敏感性模式。然而，由于药敏数据来自发达国家，因此迫切需要在资源匮乏的环境中开展研究。无复发的治愈最佳结果取决于至少 4 周的两种或多种有效抗菌药物治疗，加上血管内导管的去除。我们回顾和讨论了快速生长分枝杆菌血流感染的流行病学、发病机制、诊断、治疗和结果。
