白细胞介素-2 在效应反应、耐受和免疫治疗的十字路口。
Interleukin-2 at the crossroads of effector responses, tolerance, and immunotherapy.
机构信息
Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1674, USA.
出版信息
Immunity. 2013 Jan 24;38(1):13-25. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2013.01.004.
Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a pleiotropic cytokine produced after antigen activation that plays pivotal roles in the immune response. Discovered as a T cell growth factor, IL-2 additionally promotes CD8(+) T cell and natural killer cell cytolytic activity and modulates T cell differentiation programs in response to antigen, promoting naïve CD4(+) T cell differentiation into T helper 1 (Th1) and T helper 2 (Th2) cells while inhibiting T helper 17 (Th17) and T follicular helper (Tfh) cell differentiation. Moreover, IL-2 is essential for the development and maintenance of T regulatory cells and for activation-induced cell death, thereby mediating tolerance and limiting inappropriate immune reactions. In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanisms and complex cellular actions of IL-2, its cooperative and opposing effects with other cytokines, and how both promoting and blocking the actions of IL-2 are being utilized in clinical medicine.
白细胞介素-2（IL-2）是一种抗原激活后产生的多效细胞因子，在免疫反应中发挥关键作用。作为一种 T 细胞生长因子被发现，IL-2 还促进 CD8(+) T 细胞和自然杀伤细胞的细胞溶解活性，并调节 T 细胞分化程序以响应抗原，促进幼稚 CD4(+) T 细胞分化为辅助性 T 细胞 1（Th1）和辅助性 T 细胞 2（Th2）细胞，同时抑制辅助性 T 细胞 17（Th17）和滤泡辅助性 T（Tfh）细胞分化。此外，IL-2 对于 T 调节细胞的发育和维持以及激活诱导的细胞死亡是必需的，从而介导耐受并限制不适当的免疫反应。在这篇综述中，我们重点关注 IL-2 的分子机制和复杂的细胞作用、它与其他细胞因子的协同和拮抗作用，以及如何促进和阻断 IL-2 的作用在临床医学中的应用。
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