Voncken M J, Dijk K F L
Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Maastricht University, P.O. box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Cognit Ther Res. 2013 Feb;37(1):7-17. doi: 10.1007/s10608-012-9449-4. Epub 2012 Mar 29.
Socially anxious individuals (SAs) not only fear social rejection, accumulating studies show that SAs are indeed judged as less likeable after social interaction with others. This study investigates if SAs already make a more negative impression on others in the very first seconds of contact. The study further investigates the development of likeability and the role of self-disclosure herein in two sequential social interactions: first after an unstructured waiting room situation and next after a 'getting acquainted' conversation. Results showed that high SAs (n = 24) elicited a more negative first impression than low SAs (n = 22). Also, although high SAs improved from the first to the second task, they were rated as less likeable after both interactions. The level of self-disclosure behaviour was the strongest predictor for the development of likeability during the sequential social tasks. The absence of an interaction between group and self-disclosure in predicting the development of likeability suggests that this is true for both groups. Thus, high SAs can improve their negative first impression if they are able to increase their self-disclosure behaviour. However, SAs showed a decreased level of self-disclosure behaviour during both social interactions. Targeting self-disclosure behaviour may improve the negative impression SAs elicit in others.
社交焦虑个体（SAs）不仅害怕社交排斥，越来越多的研究表明，与他人进行社交互动后，SAs确实会被认为更不可爱。本研究调查了SAs在最初接触的几秒钟内是否就已经给他人留下了更负面的印象。该研究还进一步调查了可爱度的发展情况以及自我表露在此过程中在两个连续社交互动中的作用：第一个互动是在无组织的候诊室情境之后，第二个互动是在“相互了解”的对话之后。结果显示，高社交焦虑个体（n = 24）比低社交焦虑个体（n = 22）引发了更负面的第一印象。此外，尽管高社交焦虑个体从第一个任务到第二个任务有所改善，但在两次互动后他们的可爱度评分都较低。自我表露行为水平是连续社交任务中可爱度发展的最强预测因素。在预测可爱度发展方面，群体与自我表露之间不存在交互作用，这表明两组都是如此。因此，如果高社交焦虑个体能够增加自我表露行为，他们可以改善负面的第一印象。然而，高社交焦虑个体在两次社交互动中自我表露行为水平都有所下降。针对自我表露行为可能会改善高社交焦虑个体给他人留下的负面印象。
