Windle M, Miller B A
Research Institute on Alcoholism, Buffalo, New York 14203.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 1990 Apr;58(2):166-74. doi: 10.1037//0022-006x.58.2.166.
Longitudinal data collected at 3 occasions of measurement from a convicted driving-while-intoxicated sample (n = 302) were used to study the interrelations between problem drinking and depressive symptomatology. Time intervals between occasions of measurement were approximately 9 months. Cross-lagged latent variable models indicated that higher levels of depression at Time 1 were significantly associated with lower levels of problem drinking at Time 2. Similarly, higher levels of problem drinking at Time 1 were significantly associated with lower levels of depression at Time 2. However, the direction of effects for the cross-lagged coefficients were reversed for the Time-2-Time-3 relations. Higher levels of depression at Time 2 were significantly associated with higher levels of problem drinking at Time 3, and higher levels of problem drinking at Time 2 were associated with higher levels of depression at Time 3. The results are interpreted to reflect a biphasic process.
从一个醉酒驾驶定罪样本（n = 302）中在3个测量时间点收集的纵向数据被用于研究问题饮酒与抑郁症状之间的相互关系。测量时间点之间的时间间隔约为9个月。交叉滞后潜变量模型表明，时间1时较高的抑郁水平与时间2时较低的问题饮酒水平显著相关。同样，时间1时较高的问题饮酒水平与时间2时较低的抑郁水平显著相关。然而，交叉滞后系数的影响方向在时间2 - 时间3的关系中发生了逆转。时间2时较高的抑郁水平与时间3时较高的问题饮酒水平显著相关，时间2时较高的问题饮酒水平与时间3时较高的抑郁水平相关。结果被解释为反映了一个双相过程。
