Brown M F, Morrison S K
Department of Psychology, Villanova University, Pennsylvania 19085.
J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process. 1990 Apr;16(2):185-92.
Pigeons were trained to match color and line orientation element or compound samples in a symbolic matching-to-sample task. In subsequent test sessions with element and compound samples, there was an initial superiority of element matching for the element-trained group and of compound matching for the compound-trained group. This difference persisted over the course of 100 test sessions for the element-trained group, whereas element- and compound-matching accuracy converged for the compound-trained group. In a second experiment, in which sample duration was manipulated, element-matching accuracy was superior to compound-matching accuracy for both groups. Thus, element-matching accuracy was superior to compound-matching accuracy under conditions that rule out generalization decrement and training history as explanations. The data are interpreted as supporting the view that the dimensions of visual compound stimuli compete for a limited cognitive resource.
鸽子在一项符号匹配样本任务中接受训练，以匹配颜色和线条方向元素或复合样本。在随后使用元素和复合样本的测试环节中，对于接受元素训练的组，元素匹配最初具有优势；对于接受复合训练的组，复合匹配最初具有优势。这种差异在接受元素训练的组的100个测试环节中持续存在，而对于接受复合训练的组，元素匹配和复合匹配的准确率趋于一致。在第二个实验中，样本持续时间受到操控，两组的元素匹配准确率均优于复合匹配准确率。因此，在排除泛化衰退和训练历史作为解释的条件下，元素匹配准确率优于复合匹配准确率。这些数据被解释为支持这样一种观点，即视觉复合刺激的维度竞争有限的认知资源。
