Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA.
Extremophiles. 2013 Mar;17(2):265-75. doi: 10.1007/s00792-013-0514-z. Epub 2013 Jan 29.
Biogeography of microbial populations remains to be poorly understood, and a novel technique of single cell sorting promises a new level of resolution for microbial diversity studies. Using single cell sorting, we compared saturated NaCl brine environments (32-35 %) of the South Bay Salt Works in Chula Vista in California (USA) and Santa Pola saltern near Alicante (Spain). Although some overlap in community composition was detected, both samples were significantly different and included previously undiscovered 16S rRNA sequences. The community from Chula Vista saltern had a large bacterial fraction, which consisted of diverse Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria. In contrast, Archaea dominated Santa Pola's community and its bacterial fraction consisted of the previously known Salinibacter lineages. The recently reported group of halophilic Archaea, Nanohaloarchaea, was detected at both sites. We demonstrate that cell sorting is a useful technique for analysis of halophilic microbial communities, and is capable of identifying yet unknown or divergent lineages. Furthermore, we argue that observed differences in community composition reflect restricted dispersal between sites, a likely mechanism for diversification of halophilic microorganisms.
微生物种群的生物地理学仍然了解甚少，而单细胞分选技术有望为微生物多样性研究提供新的分辨率。使用单细胞分选，我们比较了加利福尼亚州丘拉维斯塔的南湾盐厂（美国）和阿利坎特附近的圣波拉盐田（西班牙）的饱和 NaCl 盐水环境（32-35%）。尽管检测到群落组成有些重叠，但两个样本都有明显的差异，包括以前未发现的 16S rRNA 序列。丘拉维斯塔盐田的群落有一个很大的细菌部分，由多种拟杆菌门和变形菌门组成。相比之下，古菌在圣波拉的群落中占主导地位，其细菌部分由以前已知的盐杆菌谱系组成。最近报道的嗜盐古菌群，Nanohaloarchaea，在两个地点都有检测到。我们证明细胞分选是分析嗜盐微生物群落的有用技术，并且能够识别未知或不同的谱系。此外，我们认为观察到的群落组成差异反映了站点之间受限的扩散，这可能是嗜盐微生物多样化的一种机制。
