School of Material Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245, USA.
Nano Lett. 2013 Feb 13;13(2):847-53. doi: 10.1021/nl4001053. Epub 2013 Jan 31.
This article describes a simple, cost-effective, and scalable approach to fabricate a triboelectric nanogenerator (NG) with ultrahigh electric output. Triggered by commonly available ambient mechanical energy such as human footfalls, a NG with size smaller than a human palm can generate maximum short-circuit current of 2 mA, delivering instantaneous power output of 1.2 W to external load. The power output corresponds to an area power density of 313 W/m(2) and a volume power density of 54,268 W/m(3) at an open-circuit voltage of ~1200 V. An energy conversion efficiency of 14.9% has been achieved. The power was capable of instantaneously lighting up as many as 600 multicolor commercial LED bulbs. The record high power output for the NG is attributed to optimized structure, proper materials selection and nanoscale surface modification. This work demonstrated the practicability of using NG to harvest large-scale mechanical energy, such as footsteps, rolling wheels, wind power, and ocean waves.
本文描述了一种简单、经济高效且可扩展的方法，用于制造具有超高电输出的摩擦纳米发电机 (NG)。由常见的环境机械能（如人脚步）触发，大小小于手掌的 NG 可产生 2 mA 的最大短路电流，为外部负载提供 1.2 W 的瞬时功率输出。在开路电压约为 1200 V 时，功率输出对应于 313 W/m(2) 的面积功率密度和 54,268 W/m(3) 的体积功率密度。实现了 14.9%的能量转换效率。该功率能够瞬间点亮多达 600 个多色商用 LED 灯泡。NG 的超高功率输出归因于优化的结构、适当的材料选择和纳米级表面改性。这项工作证明了使用 NG 来收集大规模机械能（如脚步、滚动车轮、风能和海浪）的实用性。
