Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2013 Mar;97(3):621-30. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.111.024752. Epub 2013 Jan 30.
Energy-containing beverages are widely consumed among premenopausal women, but their association with reproductive hormones is not well understood.
The objective was to assess the association of energy-containing beverages, added sugars, and total fructose intake with reproductive hormones among ovulatory cycles and sporadic anovulation in healthy premenopausal women.
Women (n = 259) in the BioCycle Study were followed for up to 2 menstrual cycles; they provided fasting blood specimens during up to 8 visits/cycle and four 24-h dietary recalls/cycle.
Women who consumed ≥1 cup (1 cup = 237 mL) sweetened soda/d had 16.3% higher estradiol concentrations compared with women who consumed less sweetened soda (86.5 pg/mL compared with 74.4 pg/mL, P = 0.01) after adjustment for age, BMI, race, dietary factors, and physical activity. Similarly elevated estradiol concentrations were found for ≥1 cup cola/d and noncola soda intake. Neither artificially sweetened soda nor fruit juice intake ≥1 cup/d was significantly associated with reproductive hormones. Added sugar above the average US woman's intake (≥73.2 g/d) or above the 66th percentile in total fructose intake (≥41.5 g/d) was associated with significantly elevated estradiol but not consistently across all models. No associations were found between beverages, added sugars, or total fructose intake and anovulation after multivariate adjustment.
Even at moderate consumption amounts, sweetened soda is associated with elevated follicular estradiol concentrations among premenopausal women but does not appear to affect ovulatory function. Further research into the mechanism driving the association between energy-containing beverages and reproductive hormones, and its potential implications for women's health, is warranted.
能量饮料在绝经前女性中广泛消费，但它们与生殖激素的关系尚未得到很好的理解。
评估能量饮料、添加糖和总果糖摄入与健康绝经前女性排卵周期和偶发性无排卵期间生殖激素的关系。
BioCycle 研究中的女性（n=259）随访时间最长达 2 个月经周期；她们在最多 8 次就诊/周期期间提供禁食血样，并在每个周期进行 4 次 24 小时膳食回忆。
与摄入较少甜苏打水的女性相比（86.5 pg/mL 比 74.4 pg/mL，P=0.01），每天摄入≥1 杯（1 杯=237 mL）加糖苏打水的女性雌二醇浓度高 16.3%，调整年龄、BMI、种族、饮食因素和体育活动后。每天摄入≥1 杯可乐或非可乐苏打水也发现雌二醇浓度升高。每天摄入≥1 杯人工加糖苏打水或果汁与生殖激素没有显著相关性。添加糖摄入量高于美国女性平均摄入量（≥73.2 g/d）或总果糖摄入量高于 66%（≥41.5 g/d）与雌二醇显著升高相关，但并非所有模型均一致。多变量调整后，未发现饮料、添加糖或总果糖摄入与无排卵之间存在关联。
即使在中等摄入量下，加糖苏打水也与绝经前女性卵泡期雌二醇浓度升高有关，但似乎不会影响排卵功能。需要进一步研究能量饮料与生殖激素之间关联的机制及其对女性健康的潜在影响。
