Shimony Maya K, Schliep Karen C, Schisterman Enrique F, Ahrens Katherine A, Sjaarda Lindsey A, Rotman Yaron, Perkins Neil J, Pollack Anna Z, Wactawski-Wende Jean, Mumford Sunni L
Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 6100 Executive Boulevard, 7B03M, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
Eur J Nutr. 2016 Mar;55(2):569-576. doi: 10.1007/s00394-015-0876-3. Epub 2015 Mar 24.
To prospectively assess the association between sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), added sugar, and total fructose and serum concentrations of liver enzymes among healthy, reproductive-age women.
A prospective cohort of 259 premenopausal women (average age 27.3 ± 8.2 years; BMI 24.1 ± kg/m(2)) were followed up for up to two menstrual cycles, providing up to eight fasting blood specimens/cycle and four 24-h dietary recalls/cycle. Women with a history of chronic disease were excluded. Alanine and aspartate aminotransferases (ALT and AST, respectively) were measured in serum samples. Linear mixed models estimated associations between average SSB, added sugar, and total fructose intake and log-transformed liver enzymes adjusting for age, race, body mass index, total energy and alcohol intake, and Mediterranean diet score.
For every 1 cup/day increase in SSB consumption and 10 g/day increase in added sugar and total fructose, log ALT increased by 0.079 U/L (95 % CI 0.022, 0.137), 0.012 U/L (95 % CI 0.002, 0.022), and 0.031 (0.012, 0.050), respectively, and log AST increased by 0.029 U/L (-0.011, 0.069), 0.007 U/L (0.000, 0.014), and 0.017 U/L (0.004, 0.030), respectively. Women who consumed ≥1.50 cups/day (12 oz can) SSB versus less had 0.127 U/L (95 % CI 0.001, 0.254) higher ALT [percent change 13.5 % (95 % CI 0.1, 28.9)] and 0.102 (95 % CI 0.015, 0.190) higher AST [percent change 10.8 % (95 % CI 1.5, 20.9)].
Sugar-sweetened beverages were associated with higher serum ALT and AST concentrations among healthy premenopausal women, indicating that habitual consumption of even moderate SSB may elicit hepatic lipogenesis.
前瞻性评估健康育龄妇女中含糖饮料（SSB）、添加糖和总果糖摄入量与血清肝酶浓度之间的关联。
对259名绝经前妇女（平均年龄27.3±8.2岁；BMI 24.1±kg/m²）进行前瞻性队列研究，随访长达两个月经周期，每个周期最多提供8份空腹血标本和4次24小时饮食回顾。排除有慢性疾病史的妇女。检测血清样本中的丙氨酸和天冬氨酸转氨酶（分别为ALT和AST）。线性混合模型估计平均SSB、添加糖和总果糖摄入量与经年龄、种族、体重指数、总能量和酒精摄入量以及地中海饮食评分调整后的对数转换肝酶之间的关联。
SSB摄入量每增加1杯/天、添加糖和总果糖摄入量每增加10克/天，对数ALT分别增加0.079 U/L（95%CI 0.022，0.137）、0.012 U/L（95%CI 0.002，0.022）和0.031（0.012，0.050），对数AST分别增加0.029 U/L（-0.011，0.069）、0.007 U/L（0.000，0.014）和0.017 U/L（0.00）。摄入≥1.50杯/天（12盎司罐装）SSB的妇女与摄入量较少的妇女相比，ALT高0.127 U/L（95%CI 0.001，0.254）[百分比变化13.5%（95%CI 0.1，28.9）]，AST高0.102（95%CI 0.015，0.190）[百分比变化10.8%（95%CI 1.5，20.9）]。
含糖饮料与健康绝经前妇女较高的血清ALT和AST浓度相关，表明即使适度饮用SSB也可能引发肝脏脂肪生成。
