Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Quebec H3Z 1P2, Canada.
Biol Psychiatry. 2013 Aug 1;74(3):189-94. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.11.030. Epub 2013 Jan 29.
Early emerging characteristics of visual orienting have been associated with a wide range of typical and atypical developmental outcomes. In the current study, we examined the development of visual disengagement in infants at risk for autism.
We measured the efficiency of disengaging from a central visual stimulus to orient to a peripheral one in a cohort of 104 infants with and without familial risk for autism by virtue of having an older sibling with autism.
At 7 months of age, disengagement was not robustly associated with later diagnostic outcomes. However, by 14 months, longer latencies to disengage in the subset of the risk group later diagnosed with autism was observed relative to other infants at risk and the low-risk control group. Moreover, between 7 months and 14 months, infants who were later diagnosed with autism at 36 months showed no consistent increases in the speed and flexibility of visual orienting. However, the latter developmental effect also characterized those infants who exhibited some form of developmental concerns (but not meeting criteria for autism) at 36 months.
Infants who develop autism or other developmental concerns show atypicality in the development of visual attention skills from the first year of life.
视觉定向的早期出现特征与广泛的典型和非典型发育结果有关。在目前的研究中，我们研究了自闭症风险婴儿的视觉解脱的发展。
我们通过有自闭症谱系障碍的年长兄弟姐妹，测量了 104 名患有和不患有自闭症家族风险的婴儿群体中从中央视觉刺激解脱并转向外周视觉刺激的效率。
在 7 个月大时，解脱与后来的诊断结果没有明显关联。然而，到 14 个月大时，与其他有风险的婴儿和低风险对照组相比，在被诊断为自闭症的风险组亚组中，解脱的潜伏期更长。此外，在 7 个月到 14 个月之间，在 36 个月时被诊断为自闭症的婴儿在视觉定向的速度和灵活性方面没有持续增加。然而，这种后期的发展效应也表现为那些在 36 个月时表现出某种形式的发育问题（但不符合自闭症标准）的婴儿。
患有自闭症或其他发育问题的婴儿在生命的第一年就表现出视觉注意力技能发展的异常。
