Schaaij-Visser Tieneke B M, de Wit Meike, Lam Siu W, Jiménez Connie R
OncoProteomics Laboratory, Dept. of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Division of Molecular Genetics and Centre for Biomedical Genetics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2013 Nov;1834(11):2242-58. doi: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2013.01.029. Epub 2013 Jan 31.
Despite major improvements on the knowledge and clinical management, cancer is still a deadly disease. Novel biomarkers for better cancer detection, diagnosis and treatment prediction are urgently needed. Proteins secreted, shed or leaking from the cancer cell, collectively termed the cancer secretome, are promising biomarkers since they might be detectable in blood or other biofluids. Furthermore, the cancer secretome in part represents the tumor microenvironment that plays a key role in tumor promoting processes such as angiogenesis and invasion. The cancer secretome, sampled as conditioned medium from cell lines, tumor/tissue interstitial fluid or tumor proximal body fluids, can be studied comprehensively by nanoLC-MS/MS-based approaches. Here, we outline the importance of current cancer secretome research and describe the mass spectrometry-based analysis of the secretome. Further, we provide an overview of cancer secretome research with a focus on the three most common cancer types: lung, breast and colorectal cancer. We conclude that the cancer secretome research field is a young, but rapidly evolving research field. Up to now, the focus has mainly been on the discovery of novel promising secreted cancer biomarker proteins. An interesting finding that merits attention is that in cancer unconventional secretion, e.g. via vesicles, seems increased. Refinement of current approaches and methods and progress in clinical validation of the current findings are vital in order to move towards applications in cancer management. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: An Updated Secretome.
尽管在癌症知识和临床管理方面取得了重大进展，但癌症仍然是一种致命疾病。迫切需要用于更好地进行癌症检测、诊断和治疗预测的新型生物标志物。癌细胞分泌、脱落或渗漏的蛋白质，统称为癌症分泌组，有望成为生物标志物，因为它们可能在血液或其他生物流体中被检测到。此外，癌症分泌组部分代表了肿瘤微环境，而肿瘤微环境在诸如血管生成和侵袭等肿瘤促进过程中起着关键作用。作为来自细胞系、肿瘤/组织间质液或肿瘤近端体液的条件培养基所采集的癌症分泌组，可以通过基于纳米液相色谱-串联质谱的方法进行全面研究。在此，我们概述了当前癌症分泌组研究的重要性，并描述了基于质谱的分泌组分析。此外，我们提供了癌症分泌组研究的概述，重点关注三种最常见的癌症类型：肺癌、乳腺癌和结直肠癌。我们得出结论，癌症分泌组研究领域是一个年轻但发展迅速的研究领域。到目前为止，主要重点一直是发现有前景的新型分泌性癌症生物标志物蛋白。一个值得关注的有趣发现是，在癌症中，非常规分泌（例如通过囊泡）似乎有所增加。为了将研究成果应用于癌症管理，改进当前的方法和手段以及在临床验证方面取得进展至关重要。本文是名为《更新的分泌组》的特刊的一部分。
