Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, USA.
J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2013 Mar;74(2):301-10. doi: 10.15288/jsad.2013.74.301.
We examined the frequency and intensity of tobacco use and thoughts about abstinence among young adults in the United States as a function of their use of marijuana. We hypothesized that heavier marijuana use would be associated with heavier tobacco use and fewer attempts to quit smoking, and we explored relationships between marijuana use and ratings of intentions and thoughts related to quitting tobacco.
This was a cross-sectional survey consisting of online recruitment and anonymous self-report. Participants were English literate, were between the ages of 18 and 25 years, and reported past-month tobacco use. More than half (53%) had smoked marijuana in the past 30 days. Tobacco use (quantity/frequency, Heavy Smoking Index, past-year quit attempt), thoughts about tobacco use (outcome expectancies, desire, self-efficacy, difficulty of quitting, abstinence goal, pros and cons, stage of change), alcohol use, and other drug use were assessed.
Compared with those who smoked only tobacco, cousers were younger and had smoked for fewer years; had higher household income; were more likely to be male, multiethnic, and nondaily smokers; and reported greater alcohol and other drug use. The variable of days using marijuana in the past 30 days was associated with multiple measures of tobacco use intensity/frequency. Only one association was significant between marijuana use and tobacco-related cognitions: Cousers had a lower likelihood of planning to quit tobacco for good (odds ratio = 0.75, 95% CI [0.58, 0.98]).
Findings support the association between tobacco and marijuana use among young people but speak to the importance of addressing tobacco cognitions in young adult smokers regardless of level of marijuana use.
本研究旨在探讨美国年轻人烟草使用的频率和强度以及戒烟意愿与大麻使用之间的关系。我们假设，大麻使用越频繁，烟草使用越严重，戒烟尝试越少，并探讨了大麻使用与戒烟意图和相关想法之间的关系。
这是一项横断面调查，包括在线招募和匿名自我报告。参与者英语读写能力良好，年龄在 18 至 25 岁之间，报告过去一个月有吸烟行为。超过一半（53%）的参与者在过去 30 天内吸食过大麻。评估了烟草使用（数量/频率、重度吸烟指数、过去一年的戒烟尝试）、烟草使用相关想法（结果预期、欲望、自我效能、戒烟难度、戒烟目标、利弊、改变阶段）、酒精使用和其他药物使用情况。
与仅吸烟草的人相比，大麻使用者年龄较小，吸烟年限较短；家庭收入较高；更有可能是男性、多种族和非每日吸烟者；并报告了更多的酒精和其他药物使用。过去 30 天内使用大麻的天数与多项烟草使用强度/频率测量值相关。大麻使用与烟草相关认知之间只有一个关联具有统计学意义：大麻使用者更不可能计划永久戒烟（比值比=0.75，95%置信区间[0.58,0.98]）。
研究结果支持年轻人中烟草和大麻使用之间的关联，但也强调了无论大麻使用水平如何，都应重视解决年轻成年吸烟者的烟草认知问题。
