Department of Electronic Engineering, National Kaohsiung First University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan.
Sensors (Basel). 2013 Jan 29;13(2):1679-91. doi: 10.3390/s130201679.
This paper presents a time-domain CMOS oscillator-based thermostat with digital set-point programming [without a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) or external resistor] to achieve on-chip thermal management of modern VLSI systems. A time-domain delay-line-based thermostat with multiplexers (MUXs) was used to substantially reduce the power consumption and chip size, and can benefit from the performance enhancement due to the scaling down of fabrication processes. For further cost reduction and accuracy enhancement, this paper proposes a thermostat using two oscillators that are suitable for time-domain curvature compensation instead of longer linear delay lines. The final time comparison was achieved using a time comparator with a built-in custom hysteresis to generate the corresponding temperature alarm and control. The chip size of the circuit was reduced to 0.12 mm2 in a 0.35-mm TSMC CMOS process. The thermostat operates from 0 to 90 °C, and achieved a fine resolution better than 0.05 °C and an improved inaccuracy of ± 0.6 °C after two-point calibration for eight packaged chips. The power consumption was 30 µW at a sample rate of 10 samples/s.
本文提出了一种基于时域 CMOS 振荡器的数字设定点编程无[数模转换器 (DAC) 或外部电阻]的恒温器，以实现现代 VLSI 系统的片上热管理。使用基于时域延迟线和多路复用器 (MUX) 的恒温器可以显著降低功耗和芯片尺寸，并受益于制造工艺缩小带来的性能提升。为了进一步降低成本和提高精度，本文提出了一种使用两个振荡器的恒温器，适用于时域曲率补偿，而不是更长的线性延迟线。最终的时间比较是使用带有内置自定义迟滞的时间比较器实现的，以生成相应的温度报警和控制。该电路的芯片尺寸在 0.35μm TSMC CMOS 工艺中缩小到 0.12mm2。该恒温器在 0 到 90°C 范围内工作，经过对八个封装芯片的两点校准后，分辨率提高到优于 0.05°C，精度提高到±0.6°C。在 10 个样本/秒的采样率下，功耗为 30µW。
