Division of Epidemiology, Statistics, and Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Rockville, MD 20852, USA.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2013 Mar;67(3):289-94. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2013.4. Epub 2013 Feb 6.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD), high in fruits, vegetables and monounsaturated fats, has been associated with lower body mass index. Associations with measured body fat, including regional adiposity, have not been previously investigated. We examined the associations between the alternate Mediterranean diet score (aMED), anthropometry and measured adiposity by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA).
SUBJECTS/METHODS: This study included 248 healthy females, aged 18-44 years from the BioCycle Study. Each woman's aMED (range 0-9) was calculated from up to eight 24-h dietary recalls over 1-2 menstrual cycles (>97% had ≥ 7 recalls). Multiple linear regression was used to determine whether aMED and its specific components were associated with total and regional adiposity after adjusting for age, race, education, physical activity and energy intake.
Participants had an average (s.d.) aMED of 4.2 (1.7) and percent body fat of 29.5 (6.0)%. Significant inverse associations were found between aMED and all the examined adiposity measures except waist-to-hip ratio. Among the DXA measures, a 1-unit increment in aMED was associated with a 0.06 (95% confidence interval (CI): -0.09, -0.02) lower trunk-to-leg fat ratio (T/L), a measure of upper to lower body fat. In an analysis examining T/L as an outcome with the separate components of the aMED, T/L was lower with increased legume consumption (β=-0.280, 95% CI: -0.550, -0.010) but was higher with increased consumption of red and processed meat (β=0.060, 95% CI: 0.002, 0.117).
Adherence to the aMED was associated with lower total and regional adiposity, adding to the mounting evidence of the health benefits of the MD.
背景/目的：地中海饮食（MD）富含水果、蔬菜和单不饱和脂肪，与较低的体重指数有关。以前没有研究过与测量的体脂肪（包括局部肥胖）的关联。我们研究了替代地中海饮食评分（aMED）、人体测量学和通过双能 X 射线吸收法（DXA）测量的体脂之间的关系。
受试者/方法：这项研究包括来自 BioCycle 研究的 248 名年龄在 18-44 岁的健康女性。每位女性的 aMED（范围 0-9）是根据 1-2 个月经周期中最多 8 次 24 小时饮食回忆计算出来的（>97%的人有≥7 次回忆）。多线性回归用于确定在调整年龄、种族、教育、身体活动和能量摄入后，aMED 及其特定成分与总脂肪和局部脂肪之间的关系。
参与者的平均（标准差）aMED 为 4.2（1.7），体脂肪百分比为 29.5（6.0）%。除了腰围与臀围比外，aMED 与所有检查的肥胖指标呈显著负相关。在 DXA 测量中，aMED 增加 1 个单位与躯干到腿部脂肪比例（T/L）降低 0.06（95%置信区间（CI）：-0.09，-0.02）相关，T/L 是上半身和下半身脂肪的一个指标。在分析以 T/L 为因变量的 T/L 时，与 aMED 的单独成分，随着豆类摄入量的增加，T/L 降低（β=-0.280，95%CI：-0.550，-0.010），而随着红色和加工肉类摄入量的增加，T/L 升高（β=0.060，95%CI：0.002，0.117）。
aMED 的依从性与总脂肪和局部脂肪呈负相关，这增加了 MD 对健康有益的证据。
