Schell Lawrence M
University at Albany, State University of New York, Center for the Elimination of Minority Health Disparities, Department of Anthropology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Albany, NY 12222, USA.
Coll Antropol. 2012 Dec;36(4):1129-34.
Indigenous people in virtually all parts of the world have transitioned from a traditional way of life to incorporate western culture to some degree. The forces driving these transitions are varied although there are some common features. Today, some traditional communities are exposed to pollution from nearby industries that have been located in undeveloped areas to take advantage of natural resources, inexpensive labor, lax regulations, or other features. Avoiding sources of pollution can safeguard health, but may have untoward consequences. When exposure to pollutants is through components of the traditional diet, people must alter their diet to avoid the pollutants, and in so doing, they transition away from traditional culture. Further, avoiding local, contaminated food involves eating commercial, mass produced foods that can contribute to obesity which is a growing problem worldwide. The choice between eating uncontaminated food from stores or maintaining traditional ways including a traditional diet, is a stressful one adding to the overwhelming stress of acculturation.
世界上几乎所有地区的原住民都已从传统生活方式转变，在一定程度上融入了西方文化。推动这些转变的力量多种多样，不过也有一些共同特征。如今，一些传统社区受到附近工业污染的影响，这些工业设在未开发地区，以利用自然资源、廉价劳动力、宽松的监管或其他因素。避免污染源可以保障健康，但可能会产生不良后果。当通过传统饮食的成分接触污染物时，人们必须改变饮食以避免污染物，这样一来，他们就背离了传统文化。此外，避免食用当地受污染的食物意味着要食用商业化生产的大量食品，这可能导致肥胖，而肥胖在全球范围内正成为一个日益严重的问题。在从商店购买未受污染的食物与维持包括传统饮食在内的传统生活方式之间做出选择，是一个令人倍感压力的决定，这加剧了文化适应带来的巨大压力。
