Department of Community Health, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
BMC Public Health. 2013 Feb 8;13:122. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-122.
The interactive effects of different types of physical activity on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk have not been fully considered in previous studies. We aimed to identify physical activity patterns that take into account combinations of physical activities and examine the association between derived physical activity patterns and risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
We examined the relationship between physical activity patterns, identified by principal component analysis (PCA), and AMI risk in a case-control study of myocardial infarction in Costa Rica (N=4172), 1994-2004. The component scores derived from PCA and total METS were used in natural cubic spline models to assess the association between physical activity and AMI risk.
Four physical activity patterns were retained from PCA that were characterized as the rest/sleep, agricultural job, light indoor activity, and manual labor job patterns. The light indoor activity and rest/sleep patterns showed an inverse linear relation (P for linearity=0.001) and a U-shaped association (P for non-linearity=0.03) with AMI risk, respectively. There was an inverse association between total activity-related energy expenditure and AMI risk but it reached a plateau at high levels of physical activity (P for non-linearity=0.01).
These data suggest that a light indoor activity pattern is associated with reduced AMI risk. PCA provides a new approach to investigate the relationship between physical activity and CVD risk.
先前的研究并未充分考虑不同类型的身体活动对心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险的相互影响。我们旨在确定考虑身体活动组合的身体活动模式，并研究由此产生的身体活动模式与急性心肌梗死 (AMI) 风险之间的关系。
我们在哥斯达黎加的一项心肌梗死病例对照研究 (N=4172，1994-2004 年) 中，检查了主成分分析 (PCA) 确定的身体活动模式与 AMI 风险之间的关系。从 PCA 得出的成分得分和总代谢当量 (METs) 用于自然三次样条模型，以评估身体活动与 AMI 风险之间的关系。
从 PCA 中保留了四个身体活动模式，分别为休息/睡眠、农业工作、轻度室内活动和体力劳动工作模式。轻度室内活动和休息/睡眠模式与 AMI 风险呈负线性关系 (P 线性=0.001) 和 U 形关联 (P 非线性=0.03)，分别。总与活动相关的能量消耗与 AMI 风险呈负相关，但在高水平的身体活动时达到了一个平台 (P 非线性=0.01)。
这些数据表明，轻度室内活动模式与降低 AMI 风险有关。PCA 为研究身体活动与 CVD 风险之间的关系提供了一种新方法。
