Pedro Kouri Tropical Medicine Institute (IPK), Havana, Cuba.
MEDICC Rev. 2013 Jan;15(1):29-32. doi: 10.37757/MR2013V15.N1.7.
A possible etiologic role of enteroviruses for type 1 diabetes has been researched for 40 years, but evidence to date is inconclusive. This article summarizes new evidence from Cuban research supporting a role for enteroviruses, both in preclinical stages of autoimmune reactions against pancreatic β cells and at clinical onset, in a population with low type 1 diabetes incidence. Possible pathogenetic mechanisms are also discussed, such as acute cytolytic damage and molecular mimicry. Although direct causal effects of enteroviruses in type 1 diabetes are difficult to demonstrate, arguments supporting their role in type 1 diabetes pathogenesis should not be ignored; and confirmation could contribute to development of more effective preventive strategies.
肠病毒在 1 型糖尿病发病机制中的可能作用已被研究了 40 年，但迄今为止，相关证据尚无定论。本文总结了古巴研究的新证据，该研究支持肠病毒在低 1 型糖尿病发病率人群中，在针对胰岛β细胞的自身免疫反应的临床前阶段和临床发病阶段，都可能起到一定作用。同时还讨论了可能的发病机制，如急性细胞溶解损伤和分子模拟。尽管很难直接证明肠病毒在 1 型糖尿病发病机制中的因果作用，但支持其在 1 型糖尿病发病机制中作用的论点不应被忽视；如果得到证实，将有助于开发更有效的预防策略。
