Center for Cell Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
Int J Clin Pharm. 2013 Jun;35(3):417-24. doi: 10.1007/s11096-013-9753-4. Epub 2013 Feb 9.
The inappropriate use of antibiotics is considered a main cause of microbial resistance. This is an important public health problem. Community pharmacists have an important role in the management of drugs for outpatients.
Our study sought to explore pharmacists' knowledge, attitudes, perceptions and dispensing habits insofar as to antibiotics and microbial resistance.
The study was developed with community pharmacists in the North of Portugal.
Qualitative research in the form of focus groups (FG). Focus groups were conducted with 4-7 pharmacists, using a moderator. A topic guide was developed to lead the discussions, which were audio-recorded and transcribed. The study was carried out between December 2010 and March 2011 in the five districts of the Northern Health Region of Portugal (ARS-N). Pharmacists from different regions of each district were invited to participate in the study by an investigator responsible for the study. Participants were informed about the study and that sessions were audio-recorded to facilitate data interpretation. They signed an informed consent form before taking part in the focus groups. The Ethical Committee of ARS-N was informed of this study.
Pharmacists' knowledge and perceptions on antibiotic use and microbial resistance, attitudes related to antibiotic dispensing habits, and pharmacists' suggestions to improve antibiotic use.
A total of 6 focus groups were conducted with community pharmacists (n = 32). Attitudes related to the problem of resistance were attributed external responsibility, to patients, to physicians, to other pharmacies, and to veterinary consumption. Some attitudes were identified that could lead to antibiotic dispensing without a prescription. These attitudes are complacency, precaution and external complacency.
Portuguese pharmacists perceive that antibiotic use and bacterial resistance could be improved, showing a behavioural intention to improve antibiotic dispensing habits.
抗生素的不当使用被认为是微生物耐药性的主要原因。这是一个重要的公共卫生问题。社区药剂师在管理门诊患者的药物方面发挥着重要作用。
我们的研究旨在探讨药剂师在抗生素和微生物耐药性方面的知识、态度、看法和配药习惯。
该研究在葡萄牙北部的社区药剂师中进行。
采用焦点小组（FG）的定性研究。焦点小组由 4-7 名药剂师组成，使用主持人。制定了一个主题指南来引导讨论，讨论内容被录音并转录。该研究于 2010 年 12 月至 2011 年 3 月在葡萄牙北部卫生区（ARS-N）的五个区进行。由负责该研究的调查员邀请每个区不同地区的药剂师参加研究。参与者被告知研究情况，并告知会议将录音以方便数据解释。他们在参加焦点小组之前签署了知情同意书。ARS-N 的伦理委员会已获悉这项研究。
药剂师对抗生素使用和微生物耐药性的知识和看法、与抗生素配药习惯相关的态度，以及药剂师改善抗生素使用的建议。
共进行了 6 次针对社区药剂师（n = 32）的焦点小组讨论。对耐药性问题的态度归因于患者、医生、其他药房和兽医消费的外部责任。确定了一些可能导致未经处方配药的态度。这些态度是自满、谨慎和外部自满。
葡萄牙药剂师认为抗生素的使用和细菌耐药性可以得到改善，并表现出改善抗生素配药习惯的行为意图。
