Grund E, Knorr C, Eichenlaub R
Fakultät für Biologie, Lehrstuhl für Gentechnologie/Mikrobiologie, Universität Bielefeld, Federal Republic of Germany.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1990 May;56(5):1459-64. doi: 10.1128/aem.56.5.1459-1464.1990.
Eight actinomycetes of the genera Amycolatopsis and Streptomyces were tested for the degradation of aromatic compounds by growth in a liquid medium containing benzoate, monohydroxylated benzoates, or quinate as the principal carbon source. Benzoate was converted to catechol. The key intermediate in the degradation of salicylate was either catechol or gentisate, while m-hydroxybenzoate was metabolized via gentisate or protocatechuate. p-Hydroxybenzoate and quinate were converted to protocatechuate. Catechol, gentisate, and protocatechuate were cleaved by catechol 1,2-dioxygenase, gentisate 1,2-dioxygenase, and protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase, respectively. The requirement for glutathione in the gentisate pathway was dependent on the substrate and the particular strain. The conversion of p-hydroxybenzoate to protocatechuate by p-hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase was gratuitously induced by all substrates that were metabolized via protocatechuate as an intermediate, while protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase was gratuitously induced by benzoate and salicylate in two Amycolatopsis strains.
对八株拟无枝酸菌属和链霉菌属的放线菌进行了测试，通过在以苯甲酸盐、单羟基化苯甲酸盐或奎尼酸作为主要碳源的液体培养基中生长，来检测它们对芳香族化合物的降解能力。苯甲酸盐被转化为儿茶酚。水杨酸盐降解的关键中间体是儿茶酚或龙胆酸，而间羟基苯甲酸盐则通过龙胆酸或原儿茶酸进行代谢。对羟基苯甲酸盐和奎尼酸被转化为原儿茶酸。儿茶酚、龙胆酸和原儿茶酸分别由儿茶酚1,2-双加氧酶、龙胆酸1,2-双加氧酶和原儿茶酸3,4-双加氧酶裂解。龙胆酸途径中对谷胱甘肽的需求取决于底物和特定菌株。对羟基苯甲酸羟化酶将对羟基苯甲酸盐转化为原儿茶酸的过程，会被所有以原儿茶酸作为中间体进行代谢的底物无偿诱导，而在两株拟无枝酸菌菌株中，原儿茶酸3,4-双加氧酶会被苯甲酸盐和水杨酸盐无偿诱导。
