RPA "Typhoon", Centre for Environmental Chemistry, Pobedy St. 4, Obninsk, Kaluga Region 249038, Russia.
J Environ Radioact. 2013 Nov;125:74-80. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2013.01.013. Epub 2013 Feb 9.
Kinetics of (137)Cs, (60)Co and (85)Sr sorption on powdered building materials in aqueous suspensions at 20 °C for interaction times of 1, 7, 14 and 28 days were studied. The (137)Cs distribution coefficient (Kd) values for all building materials except limestone practically did not change during 28 days of sorption. The Kd ((85)Sr) was several orders of magnitude lower than for (60)Co. The highest values were observed for asphalt and granite. An effective method to study the radionuclide distribution in depth of building materials using layer-by-layer sanding was developed. Using the developed method, the (137)Cs, (60)Co and (85)Sr distribution with depth of selected building materials at different air humidity, time and temperature was studied. Relative humidity (RH) was found to influence significantly the (85)Sr depth distribution in the case of granite (unlike (137)Cs and (60)Co). While (85)Sr penetrated to 0.5 mm in depth of granite at RH 30%, at RH 87% the depth of (85)Sr penetration to granite reached up to 7 mm.
在 20°C 下，研究了（137）Cs、（60）Co 和（85）Sr 在水悬浮液中对粉末状建筑材料的吸附动力学，作用时间为 1、7、14 和 28 天。除了石灰岩之外，所有建筑材料的（137）Cs 分配系数（Kd）在 28 天的吸附过程中几乎没有变化。（85）Sr 的 Kd 值比（60）Co 低几个数量级。最高的值出现在沥青和花岗岩中。开发了一种有效方法，使用逐层打磨来研究建筑材料中放射性核素的深度分布。使用所开发的方法，研究了不同空气湿度、时间和温度下选定建筑材料中（137）Cs、（60）Co 和（85）Sr 的深度分布。发现相对湿度（RH）显著影响花岗岩中（85）Sr 的深度分布（与（137）Cs 和（60）Co 不同）。当 RH 为 30%时，（85）Sr 在花岗岩中的穿透深度为 0.5 毫米，而当 RH 为 87%时，（85）Sr 在花岗岩中的穿透深度可达 7 毫米。
