Ruvoën N, Le Pendu J
Unité de maladies réglementées - zoonoses, Oniris - École nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes Atlantique, site de la Chantrerie, 44307 Nantes, France.
Pathol Biol (Paris). 2013 Jan;61(1):28-35. doi: 10.1016/j.patbio.2013.01.002. Epub 2013 Feb 8.
Norovirus (NoV) are the most common cause of acute gastroenteritidis in humans worldwide. They are transmitted through consumption of contaminated food, or mostly by direct person-to-person contact. However, susceptibility to NoV infection is variable. NoVs recognize carbohydrate ligand, including A, B, H and Lewis histoblood group antigen (HBGAs) for attachment to human epithelial cells. Synthesis of these HBGAs requires various glycosyltransferase encoded by the ABO, FUT2, FUT3 genes. The presence of distinct carbohydrates structures dependent upon the combined polymorphism at the FUT2, FUT3 and ABO loci influences susceptibility to NoV infection. NoV-glycan interactions studies show that different strains recognize specific HBGAs. Together with herd immunity, HBGAs play a major role in the epidemiology and evolution of NoVs.
诺如病毒（NoV）是全球人类急性胃肠炎最常见的病因。它们通过食用受污染的食物传播，或主要通过人与人之间的直接接触传播。然而，对诺如病毒感染的易感性因人而异。诺如病毒识别碳水化合物配体，包括A、B、H和Lewis血型组织血型抗原（HBGAs），以便附着于人类上皮细胞。这些HBGAs的合成需要由ABO、FUT2、FUT3基因编码的各种糖基转移酶。取决于FUT2、FUT3和ABO位点的联合多态性的不同碳水化合物结构的存在会影响对诺如病毒感染的易感性。诺如病毒-聚糖相互作用研究表明，不同的毒株识别特定的HBGAs。与群体免疫一起，HBGAs在诺如病毒的流行病学和进化中起主要作用。
