Llapur Conrado J, Martínez Myriam R, Caram María Marta, Bonilla Federico, Cabana Celia, Yu Zhansheng, Tepper Robert S
Department of Pediatrics, Hospital del Niño Jesús, Tucumán, Argentina; Cátedra de Metodología de la Investigación, Tucumán, Argentina; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.
Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013 Dec;48(12):1224-30. doi: 10.1002/ppul.22764. Epub 2013 Feb 8.
Children and adults residing at high altitude (HA) compared to low altitude (LA) have larger lung volumes; however, it is unknown whether this response to chronic hypoxia begins early in life. Our objective was to determine whether infants and toddlers at HA have larger lung volumes compared to infants and toddlers at LA. Oxygen saturation (SaO2 ), functional residual capacity (FRC), as well as serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and erythropoietin (EPO) were measured in infants and toddlers from HA (N = 50; 3,440 m) and LA (N = 35; 440 m). There were no significant differences in somatic size for HA and LA subjects; however, HA subjects had significantly lower SaO2 (88.5% vs. 96.7%; P < 0.0001). Subjects at HA had significantly greater FRC compared to subjects at LA (group mean: 209 and 157 ml; P < 0.0001), adjusting for body length. Male infants at HA had a significantly greater FRC compared to males at LA (57 ml; P-value < 0.001); however, the increase in FRC for females at HA compared to LA was not significant (20 ml; P-value = 0.101). VEGF and EPO were significantly higher for subjects at HA compared to LA with no gender differences. In summary, infants and toddlers at HA have lower oxygen saturations, higher serum levels of VEGF and EPO, and higher FRC compared to subjects at LA; however, chronic hypoxia appears to generate a more robust response in lung growth in male compared to female infants early in life.
与生活在低海拔（LA）地区的儿童和成人相比，生活在高海拔（HA）地区的儿童和成人肺容积更大；然而，这种对慢性缺氧的反应是否在生命早期就开始尚不清楚。我们的目的是确定与生活在LA地区的婴幼儿相比，生活在HA地区的婴幼儿肺容积是否更大。对来自HA地区（N = 50；海拔3440米）和LA地区（N = 35；海拔440米）的婴幼儿测量了血氧饱和度（SaO2）、功能残气量（FRC）以及血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）和促红细胞生成素（EPO）的血清水平。HA组和LA组受试者的身体大小没有显著差异；然而，HA组受试者的SaO2显著更低（88.5%对96.7%；P < 0.0001）。调整身长后，HA组受试者的FRC显著高于LA组受试者（组均值：209和157毫升；P < 0.0001）。HA组的男婴FRC显著高于LA组的男婴（57毫升；P值 < 0.001）；然而，HA组女性与LA组女性相比FRC的增加不显著（20毫升；P值 = 0.101）。与LA组相比，HA组受试者的VEGF和EPO显著更高，且无性别差异。总之，与LA组受试者相比，HA组的婴幼儿血氧饱和度更低，血清VEGF和EPO水平更高，FRC也更高；然而，在生命早期，慢性缺氧似乎在男性婴儿的肺生长中比女性婴儿产生更强烈的反应。
