Priego Teresa, Sánchez Juana, García Ana Paula, Palou Andreu, Picó Catalina
Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology-Nutrigenomics, University of the Balearic Islands-UIB, Campus de la Cra, Valldemossa Km 7.5, Palma de Mallorca 07122, Spain.
Lipids. 2013 May;48(5):481-95. doi: 10.1007/s11745-013-3764-8. Epub 2013 Feb 16.
We aimed to assess the effects of maternal supplementation with the main fat sources used in the human Western diet (olive oil, butter, margarine) on milk FA composition and on plasma FA profile of offspring, and to determine whether it may influence body-weight-gain (BWG) and adiposity of offspring during the suckling period. Wistar rats were supplemented with the different fat sources from day 14 of gestation and throughout lactation. Olive oil-supplemented dams showed the highest proportion of oleic-acid in milk, with no changes in plasma. Their offspring also showed the highest proportion of this FA in plasma, lower BWG during the suckling period, and higher levels of UCP1 in brown adipose tissue (BAT) at weaning. Margarine-supplemented dams showed the highest percentage of PUFA in milk, and a similar tendency was found in plasma of their offspring. Butter-supplemented dams displayed higher proportion of saturated FA (SFA) in milk compared to other fat-supplemented dams, but lower than controls. Control offspring also showed higher proportion of SFA in plasma and greater BWG during the suckling period than fat-supplemented groups. Significant correlations were found between the relative content of some milk FA and BWG of offspring, in particular, oleic-acid levels correlated negatively with BWG and positively with UCP1 levels. These results show that maternal dietary source of fat affects milk FA composition and circulating FA profile, as could be expected, but also BWG and thermogenic capacity of offspring during the suckling period. An effect of oleic-acid stimulating BAT thermogenic capacity of suckling pups is proposed.
我们旨在评估母体补充西方饮食中使用的主要脂肪来源（橄榄油、黄油、人造黄油）对乳汁脂肪酸（FA）组成以及后代血浆FA谱的影响，并确定其是否可能影响哺乳期后代的体重增加（BWG）和肥胖情况。从妊娠第14天开始并在整个哺乳期，给Wistar大鼠补充不同的脂肪来源。补充橄榄油的母鼠乳汁中油酸比例最高，血浆中无变化。它们的后代血浆中这种FA的比例也最高，哺乳期BWG较低，断奶时棕色脂肪组织（BAT）中解偶联蛋白1（UCP1）水平较高。补充人造黄油的母鼠乳汁中多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）百分比最高，其后代血浆中也有类似趋势。与其他补充脂肪的母鼠相比，补充黄油的母鼠乳汁中饱和脂肪酸（SFA）比例更高，但低于对照组。与补充脂肪的组相比，对照后代血浆中SFA比例也更高，哺乳期BWG更大。发现一些乳汁FA的相对含量与后代BWG之间存在显著相关性，特别是油酸水平与BWG呈负相关，与UCP1水平呈正相关。这些结果表明，母体饮食中的脂肪来源会影响乳汁FA组成和循环FA谱，这在意料之中，同时也会影响哺乳期后代的BWG和产热能力。提出了油酸刺激哺乳幼崽BAT产热能力的作用。
