Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1237, Code 1110, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Exp Parasitol. 2013 May;134(1):68-75. doi: 10.1016/j.exppara.2013.01.022. Epub 2013 Feb 19.
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) caused by Leishmania aethiopica is a public health and social problem with a sequel of severe and mutilating skin lesions. It is manifested in three forms: localized CL (LCL), mucosal CL (MCL) and diffuse CL (DCL). Unresponsiveness to sodium stibogluconate (Sb(V)) is common in Ethiopian CL patients. Using the amastigote-macrophage in vitro model the susceptibility of 24 clinical isolates of L. aethiopica derived from untreated patients was investigated. Eight strains of LCL, 9 of MCL, and 7 of DCL patients together with a reference strain (MHOM/ET/82/117/82) were tested against four antileishmanial drugs: amphotericin B, miltefosine, Sb(V) and paromomycin. In the same order of drugs, IC(50) (μg/ml±SD) values for the 24 strains tested were 0.16±0.18, 5.88±4.79, 10.23±8.12, and 13.63±18.74. The susceptibility threshold of isolates originating from the 3 categories of patients to all 4 drugs was not different (p>0.05). Maximal efficacy was superior for miltefosine across all the strains. Further susceptibility test could validate miltefosine as a potential alternative drug in cases of sodium stibogluconate treatment failure in CL patients.
埃塞俄比亚利什曼原虫引起的皮肤利什曼病（CL）是一个公共卫生和社会问题，会导致严重和毁容性皮肤损伤。它表现为三种形式：局限性 CL（LCL）、黏膜 CL（MCL）和弥漫性 CL（DCL）。埃塞俄比亚 CL 患者对葡萄糖酸锑钠（Sb(V)）无反应的情况很常见。使用无鞭毛体-巨噬细胞体外模型，研究了来自未经治疗的患者的 24 株利什曼原虫临床分离株的易感性。对 8 株 LCL、9 株 MCL 和 7 株 DCL 患者以及参考株（MHOM/ET/82/117/82）进行了 4 种抗利什曼原虫药物的测试：两性霉素 B、米替福新、Sb(V)和巴龙霉素。按照药物顺序，24 株受试菌株的 IC50（μg/ml±SD）值分别为 0.16±0.18、5.88±4.79、10.23±8.12 和 13.63±18.74。来自这 3 类患者的分离株对所有 4 种药物的敏感性阈值没有差异（p>0.05）。米替福新对所有菌株的疗效最大。进一步的药敏试验可以验证米替福新作为 CL 患者葡萄糖酸锑钠治疗失败时的潜在替代药物。
