BfR - Federal Institute for Risk Assessment , Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany.
J Agric Food Chem. 2013 Mar 27;61(12):2903-12. doi: 10.1021/jf304680j. Epub 2013 Mar 13.
The transfer of the perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) perfluorobutanesulfonate (PFBS), perfluorohexanesulfonate (PFHxS), perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) from feed into tissue and milk of dairy cows was investigated. Holstein cows (n = 6) were fed a PFAA-contaminated feed for 28 days. After the PFAA-feeding period, three cows were slaughtered while the others were fed PFAA-free feed for another 21 days (depuration period). For PFAA analysis plasma, liver, kidney, and muscle tissue, urine, and milk were sampled and analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). The average daily intake of dairy cows was 3.4 ± 0.7, 4.6 ± 1.0, 7.6 ± 3.7 and 2.0 ± 1.2 μg/kg body weight (bw) for PFBS, PFHxS, PFOS, and PFOA, respectively. Overall, PFBS, PFHxS, PFOS, and PFOA showed different kinetics in dairy cows. In plasma, concentrations of PFBS (mean = 1.2 ± 0.8 μg/L) and PFOA (mean = 8.5 ± 5.7 μg/L) were low, whereas PFHxS and PFOS continuously increased during the PFAA-feeding period up to maximal concentrations of 419 ± 172 and 1903 ± 525 μg/L, respectively. PFOS in plasma remained constantly high during the depuration period. PFOS levels were highest in liver, followed by kidney, without significant differences between feeding periods. The highest PFHxS levels were detected in liver and kidney of cows slaughtered on day 29 (61 ± 24 and 98 ± 31 μg/kg wet weight (ww)). The lowest PFAA levels were detected in muscle tissue. At the end of the feeding study, cumulative secretion in milk was determined for PFOS (14 ± 3.6%) and PFHxS (2.5 ± 0.2%). The other two chemicals were barely secreted into milk: PFBS (0.01 ± 0.02%) and PFOA (0.1 ± 0.06%). Overall, the kinetics of PFOA were similar to those of PFBS and substantially differed from those of PFHxS and PFOS. The very low concentration of PFBS in plasma and milk, the relatively high urinary excretion, and only traces of PFBS in liver (0.3 ± 0.3 μg/kg ww) and kidney (1.0 ± 0.3 μg/kg ww) support the conclusion that PFBS does not accumulate in the body of dairy cows.
本研究旨在探讨全氟烷基酸（PFAAs）在奶牛体内的转移情况，包括全氟丁烷磺酸（PFBS）、全氟己烷磺酸（PFHxS）、全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）和全氟辛酸（PFOA）。选取荷斯坦奶牛（n = 6）进行为期 28 天的 PFAA 污染饲料喂养。在 PFAA 喂养期结束后，其中 3 头奶牛被屠宰，其余奶牛继续接受 21 天的无 PFAA 饲料喂养（净化期）。在净化期结束时，采集奶牛的血浆、肝脏、肾脏和肌肉组织、尿液和牛奶样本，使用高效液相色谱（HPLC）-串联质谱（MS/MS）进行分析。结果表明，奶牛的日均摄入量分别为 3.4 ± 0.7、4.6 ± 1.0、7.6 ± 3.7 和 2.0 ± 1.2 μg/kg 体重（BW）。总体而言，PFBS、PFHxS、PFOS 和 PFOA 在奶牛体内表现出不同的动力学特征。在血浆中，PFBS（平均 = 1.2 ± 0.8 μg/L）和 PFOA（平均 = 8.5 ± 5.7 μg/L）浓度较低，而 PFHxS 和 PFOS 则在 PFAA 喂养期间持续增加，浓度分别高达 419 ± 172 和 1903 ± 525 μg/L。PFOS 在净化期间一直保持高浓度。PFOS 水平在肝脏中最高，其次是肾脏，但在喂养期间无显著差异。PFHxS 水平在 29 日屠宰的奶牛肝脏和肾脏中最高（分别为 61 ± 24 和 98 ± 31 μg/kg 湿重（WW））。在肌肉组织中，PFAA 水平最低。在喂养研究结束时，测定了 PFOS（14 ± 3.6%）和 PFHxS（2.5 ± 0.2%）在牛奶中的累积分泌量。其他两种化学物质在牛奶中的分泌量很少：PFBS（0.01 ± 0.02%）和 PFOA（0.1 ± 0.06%）。总的来说，PFOA 的动力学特征与 PFBS 和 PFHxS 相似，与 PFOS 有很大不同。PFBS 在血浆和牛奶中的浓度非常低，尿液中的排泄率相对较高，且肝脏（0.3 ± 0.3 μg/kg WW）和肾脏（1.0 ± 0.3 μg/kg WW）中的含量仅为痕量，这支持了 PFBS 不会在奶牛体内积累的结论。
