Thomas A D, Forbes-Faulkner J C, D'Arcy T L, Norton J H, Hoffmann D
Queensland Department of Primary Industries, Oonoonba Veterinary Laboratory, Townsville.
Aust Vet J. 1990 Feb;67(2):43-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1990.tb07692.x.
A single dose of 5 x 10(8) bacilli of Pseudomonas pseudomallei by intratracheal injection resulted in acute (21 cases) or chronic (19 cases) melioidosis in 40 of 48 pigs. Fifteen (10 acute and 5 chronic) had been immunosuppressed by cyclophosphamide before inoculation. The major clinical signs were initial fever, marked neutrophilia and, in the acute cases, respiratory distress. There were no signs of the nasal and ocular discharge, paresis or diarrhoea seen in acute cases in south-east Asia. The cyclophosphamide treatment caused a significant decrease in the neutrophil count by 7 d after inoculation in all 15 immunosuppressed pigs, and all were culture positive at necropsy. Eight of the 33 non-treated pigs were culture negative at necropsy. Pigs overcoming the initial phase of infection had more abscess-like nodules that were bacteriologically sterile at necropsy than the pigs with acute cases of melioidosis. P. pseudomallei was isolated predominantly from the spleen, lungs and the injection site. Although only one strain was used in this study, it is likely that Australian strains of P. pseudomallei are not as virulent as the south-east Asian isolates.
通过气管内注射5×10⁸ 株类鼻疽假单胞菌的单剂量，在48头猪中有40头引发了急性（21例）或慢性（19例）类鼻疽。15头（10头急性和5头慢性）在接种前已用环磷酰胺进行了免疫抑制。主要临床症状为初期发热、明显的中性粒细胞增多，急性病例中还出现呼吸窘迫。未出现东南亚急性病例中所见的鼻和眼分泌物、轻瘫或腹泻症状。环磷酰胺治疗使所有15头免疫抑制猪在接种后7天中性粒细胞计数显著下降，且所有猪在尸检时培养均呈阳性。33头未治疗猪中有8头在尸检时培养呈阴性。度过感染初期的猪比患急性类鼻疽的猪有更多在尸检时细菌学检查无菌的脓肿样结节。类鼻疽假单胞菌主要从脾脏、肺和注射部位分离得到。尽管本研究仅使用了一个菌株，但澳大利亚的类鼻疽假单胞菌菌株的毒力可能不如东南亚分离株。
