Anthropology Unit, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Biomedicine Institute of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2014 Jan;129(1):54-62. doi: 10.1111/acps.12108. Epub 2013 Feb 28.
To test whether the association between childhood abuse, cannabis use and psychotic experiences (PEs) was moderated by the COMT (catechol-O-methyltransferase) gene.
Psychotic experiences (PEs), childhood abuse, cannabis use and COMT Val158Met genotypes were assessed in 533 individuals from the general population. Data were analysed hierarchically by means of multiple linear regression models.
Childhood abuse showed a significant main effect on both positive (β = 0.09; SE = 0.04; P = 0.047) and negative PEs (β = 0.11; SE = 0.05; P = 0.038). A significant three-way interaction effect was found among childhood abuse, cannabis use and the COMT gene on positive PEs (β = -0.30; SE = 0.11; P = 0.006). This result suggests that COMT genotypes and cannabis use only influenced PE scores among individuals exposed to childhood abuse. Furthermore, exposure to childhood abuse and cannabis use increased PE scores in Val carriers. However, in individuals exposed to childhood abuse but who did not use cannabis, PEs increased as a function of the Met allele copies of the COMT gene.
Cannabis use after exposure to childhood abuse may have opposite effects on the risk of PEs, depending on the COMT genotypes providing evidence for a qualitative interaction. Val carriers exposed to childhood abuse are vulnerable to the psychosis-inducing effects of cannabis.
检验童年虐待、大麻使用与精神病性体验（PE）之间的关联是否受到 COMT（儿茶酚-O-甲基转移酶）基因的调节。
在一般人群中的 533 名个体中评估了精神病性体验（PE）、童年虐待、大麻使用和 COMT Val158Met 基因型。数据通过多重线性回归模型进行分层分析。
童年虐待对阳性（β=0.09；SE=0.04；P=0.047）和阴性 PE（β=0.11；SE=0.05；P=0.038）均有显著的主效应。在阳性 PE 中，发现童年虐待、大麻使用和 COMT 基因之间存在显著的三向交互作用（β=-0.30；SE=0.11；P=0.006）。这一结果表明，COMT 基因型和大麻使用仅在暴露于童年虐待的个体中影响 PE 评分。此外，童年虐待和大麻使用暴露增加了 Val 携带者的 PE 评分。然而，在暴露于童年虐待但未使用大麻的个体中，PE 评分随 COMT 基因的 Met 等位基因拷贝数的增加而增加。
童年虐待后使用大麻可能对 PE 的风险产生相反的影响，这取决于 COMT 基因型，为定性相互作用提供了证据。暴露于童年虐待的 Val 携带者易受大麻诱发精神病的影响。
