Agarwal P, Vinuth D P, Dube G, Dube P
Department of Oral Medicine Diagnosis and Radiology, Hitkarini Dental College and Hospital, Jabalpur, India.
Minerva Stomatol. 2013 Jan-Feb;62(1-2):31-41.
Tooth agenesis is one of the most intriguing phenomena, because it is frequently associated with other oral anomalies, structural variations and malformations of other teeth, late eruption, transposition and crowding. The diagnosis can be quite challenging as radiographic examination is critical for the diagnosis but not always possible and the late developing teeth may be sometimes scored developmentally missing. Accurate diagnosis therefore requires radiographic, clinical, and dental cast examinations. It is an important clinical and public health problem. Patients with missing permanent teeth may suffer from a reduced chewing ability, inarticulate pronunciation, and an unfavorable aesthetic appearance. Clinically, early diagnosis of a dental anomaly can alert the clinician to the possible development of other associated dental anomalies in the same patient or family, and avoid the possible sequelae. Understanding of tooth agenesis patterns and their impact on diagnosis, prevention, and eventually therapeutics are becoming integral parts of comprehensive dental care. Dental examination with radiographic screening of hypodontia in early childhood should be emphasized as part of public oral health policy to allow early diagnosis and timely intervention.
牙齿发育不全是最引人关注的现象之一，因为它常常与其他口腔异常、其他牙齿的结构变异和畸形、萌出延迟、牙齿异位和拥挤有关。诊断颇具挑战性，因为影像学检查对诊断至关重要，但并非总是可行，而且发育较晚的牙齿有时可能被判定为发育性缺失。因此，准确诊断需要进行影像学、临床和牙模检查。这是一个重要的临床和公共卫生问题。恒牙缺失的患者可能会出现咀嚼能力下降、发音不清晰以及美观不佳等问题。临床上，早期诊断牙齿异常可以提醒临床医生注意同一患者或家族中可能出现的其他相关牙齿异常，并避免可能的后遗症。了解牙齿发育不全的模式及其对诊断、预防以及最终治疗的影响正成为全面口腔护理的重要组成部分。应强调在儿童早期进行牙齿检查并进行影像学筛查以诊断少牙症，这是公共口腔卫生政策的一部分，以便能够早期诊断并及时干预。
