Bettes B A, Dusenbury L, Kerner J, James-Ortiz S, Botvin G J
Division of Child Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, NY 10032.
Child Dev. 1990 Apr;61(2):557-65. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.1990.tb02800.x.
Research on ethnic group differences has suggested that (a) adolescents from various groups differ on a number of dimensions that have been related to risk for substance use initiation, and (b) adolescents of different groups choose different substances. However, there is little consensus regarding the reasons for such differences. There is an especially high rate of alcohol use among Hispanic adolescents, and Hispanics are at high risk for alcohol abuse. In light of ethnic group differences in both substance use and the precursors of substance use in adolescence, this study examined differences among black, Anglo, Puerto Rican, and Dominican adolescents in the relation between cigarette and alcohol use and psychosocial functioning. Comparisons between the Puerto Rican and Dominican subjects were of special interest due to preexisting differences between these groups that may be attributed to acculturation. Results provided evidence of the importance of acculturation in modifying psychosocial vulnerability, especially for alcohol use, with the Dominican group at highest risk.
（a）来自不同族群的青少年在一些与开始使用毒品风险相关的维度上存在差异，且（b）不同族群的青少年选择使用不同的毒品。然而，对于造成此类差异的原因，几乎没有达成共识。西班牙裔青少年的酒精使用率特别高，且西班牙裔有很高的酒精滥用风险。鉴于青少年在毒品使用及毒品使用的先兆方面存在族群差异，本研究考察了黑人、盎格鲁人、波多黎各人和多米尼加青少年在吸烟与饮酒的关系以及心理社会功能方面的差异。由于波多黎各人和多米尼加人群体之间先前存在的差异可能归因于文化适应，因此对这两组受试者的比较特别令人感兴趣。结果证明了文化适应在改变心理社会易损性方面的重要性，尤其是对饮酒而言，多米尼加群体面临的风险最高。
