Friedman S R, Young P A, Snyder F R, Shorty V, Jones A, Estrada A L
National Development and Research Institutes, Inc., New York, NY 10013.
AIDS Educ Prev. 1993 Fall;5(3):196-211.
Questionnaire data from almost 12,000 street-recruited drug injectors in 19 cities were analyzed to determine racial differences that may affect transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Self-reported sexual behaviors of drug injectors differ by city-type. White male drug injectors reported less unprotected vaginal sex than black or Latino males in multicultural--black/white/Mexican-origin and biracial cities. Black drug users of both sexes were less likely than white or Latino drug users to report unprotected and sex in multicultural--black/white/Mexican-origin and multicultural--black/white/Puerto Rican cities. The reported percentage of sex acts in which a condom was used was similar for black, white, and Puerto Rican men, and for black and white women, in all city types, but Puerto Rican women reported more condom use than black women. Mexican-origin drug injectors of each gender were least likely to report using condoms in multicultural--black/white/Mexican-origin cities. Black drug injectors are particularly likely to report having sex partners who do not inject drugs, as are Puerto Rican men and as are whites in multicultural--black/white/Mexican-origin cities. High-risk sex without condoms is widely reported among all groups of drug injectors studied: Each racial/gender group in each city-type averaged 15 or more episodes of unprotected vaginal sex per month, and 10% of most subgroups report having anal sex within the past 6 months. At least 45% of subjects in each city-type reported sex with noninjectors of the opposite gender. Without continued and expanded intervention, these data are consistent with HIV spreading to drug injectors, their sexual partners, and their future children, in all racial/ethnic groups.
分析了来自19个城市近12000名街头招募的吸毒注射者的问卷调查数据，以确定可能影响人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）传播的种族差异。吸毒注射者自我报告的性行为因城市类型而异。在多元文化——黑人/白人/墨西哥裔和混血城市中，白人男性吸毒注射者报告的无保护阴道性行为比黑人或拉丁裔男性少。在多元文化——黑人/白人/墨西哥裔和多元文化——黑人/白人/波多黎各城市中，男女黑人吸毒者报告无保护性行为的可能性低于白人或拉丁裔吸毒者。在所有城市类型中，黑、白、波多黎各男性以及黑、白女性报告使用避孕套的性行为百分比相似，但波多黎各女性报告使用避孕套的情况比黑人女性更多。在多元文化——黑人/白人/墨西哥裔城市中，各性别的墨西哥裔吸毒注射者报告使用避孕套的可能性最小。黑人吸毒注射者尤其可能报告有不吸毒的性伴侣，波多黎各男性以及多元文化——黑人/白人/墨西哥裔城市中的白人也是如此。在所研究的所有吸毒注射者群体中，普遍报告有无避孕套的高风险性行为：每个城市类型中的每个种族/性别群体平均每月有15次或更多次无保护阴道性行为，并且大多数亚组中有10%报告在过去6个月内有肛交行为。每个城市类型中至少45%的受试者报告与异性非注射者发生性行为。如果不持续扩大干预措施，这些数据表明HIV可能会在所有种族/族裔群体的吸毒注射者、他们的性伴侣以及他们未来的子女中传播。
