器官替代的新技术和旧技术。
New and old technologies for organ replacement.
机构信息
Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
出版信息
Curr Opin Organ Transplant. 2013 Apr;18(2):179-85. doi: 10.1097/MOT.0b013e32835f0887.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
The demand for organ transplantation has increased over time, increasingly exceeding the supply of organs. Whether and how new or old technologies separately or together could be applied to replacing organs will thus remain a question of importance.
RECENT FINDINGS
Estimating how the demand for organ transplantation will evolve over the decades and the need to bring forward and test new technologies will help establish the dimensions of the problem and the priorities for investigation. Pluripotent stem cells can in principle expand to sufficient numbers, differentiate, and assemble complex and functional organs. However, the devising of effective and reliable means to coax the stem cells to do so remains beyond the current grasp.
SUMMARY
Given the time during which novel therapies are devised and applied, which organ transplantation reaches to 2-3 decades, one can anticipate the need for organ replacement will grow dramatically, but advances in science and technology will overcome the hurdles in generating new organs. Whether these advances will address the needs and priorities of society, however, is unclear.
目的综述
随着时间的推移，对器官移植的需求不断增加，已逐渐超过器官的供应量。新的或旧的技术是否以及如何单独或联合应用于替代器官，这将仍然是一个重要的问题。
最近的发现
估计器官移植的需求在未来几十年将如何发展，以及需要提前和测试新技术，这将有助于确定问题的规模和调查的优先事项。多能干细胞原则上可以扩增到足够数量，并分化和组装复杂和功能齐全的器官。然而，设计出有效和可靠的方法来诱导干细胞这样做仍然超出了当前的能力范围。
总结
鉴于设计和应用新疗法所需要的时间，即器官移植需要 2-3 十年，人们可以预计器官替代的需求将大幅增长，但科学技术的进步将克服生成新器官的障碍。然而，这些进展是否能够满足社会的需求和优先事项尚不清楚。
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