中国东部地区农民工中 HIV、梅毒、HCV 的流行情况及其高危行为。
Prevalence of HIV, syphilis, HCV and their high risk behaviors among migrant workers in eastern China.
机构信息
Zhejiang Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2013;8(2):e57258. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057258. Epub 2013 Feb 22.
OBJECTIVE
The goal of this study was to understand the knowledge about AIDS, identify the correlates and determine the prevalence of HIV infection, syphilis, HCV among migrant workers in Zhejiang, China.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study using face-to-face anonymous questionnaire interviews was conducted and blood samples were collected for HIV, syphilis and Hepatitis C infection screening.
RESULTS
17,377 (92.8%) of 18,730 migrant workers approached were interviewed. Among 17,377 participants, the HIV/AIDS knowledge rate was 66.2%. A total of 12,694 (73%) of the participants reported having ever had sexual intercourse, with 30.1% of single participants reporting having had sexual intercourse. Among those respondents with sexual experiences, 7.5% admitted they had two or more sexual partners and 4.9% reported having had sex with casual (unpaid) partners in the previous 12 months, whilst 3.7% had paid for sex. More than half of those who had paid for sex (59.4%) had not used a condom every time in their sexual acts with the sex workers. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that high risk sexual behavior (defined as sex with a casual or commercial sex partner without using a condom consistently) was associated with being divorced or widowed (P<0.05 for single); male gender; shorter duration of stay in Zhejiang; working in factory, market or domestic service (P<0.05 for odd job); having a province of origin inside Zhejiang; and drug use. The prevalence of HIV and HCV infections were 0.02% (95% CI: 0.01%-0.06%) and 0.40% (95%CI: 0.31%-0.51%), respectively. The prevalence of syphilis among those who were sexually active was 0.55% (95% CI: 0.43%-0.70%). Risk factors for syphilis included shorter duration of stay in Zhejiang, ethnic minority status, being divorced or widowed and having had multiple sex partners.
CONCLUSIONS
Much greater efforts are needed to promote safer sex, and programs for the control of syphilis need to be tailored for migrant workers in China.
目的
本研究旨在了解艾滋病知识，确定相关因素，并确定中国浙江外来务工人员中 HIV 感染、梅毒和丙型肝炎的流行率。
方法
采用面对面匿名问卷访谈进行横断面研究，并采集血样进行 HIV、梅毒和丙型肝炎感染筛查。
结果
共对 18730 名外来务工人员中的 17377 人（92.8%）进行了访谈。在 17377 名参与者中，艾滋病/艾滋病知识知晓率为 66.2%。共有 12694 名（73%）参与者报告曾有过性行为，其中 30.1%的单身参与者报告曾有过性行为。在有性经历的受访者中，7.5%承认他们有两个或两个以上的性伴侣，4.9%报告在过去 12 个月中有过与非付费（有偿）性伴侣发生性行为，而 3.7%有过付费性行为。在那些有过付费性行为的人中，超过一半（59.4%）在与性工作者发生性行为时没有每次都使用安全套。多因素 logistic 回归分析表明，高危性行为（定义为与非付费或商业性伴侣发生性行为且不始终使用安全套）与离婚或丧偶（单身者 P<0.05）；男性性别；在浙江停留时间较短；在工厂、市场或家政服务工作（临时工 P<0.05）；原籍在浙江省内；以及吸毒有关。HIV 和丙型肝炎感染的流行率分别为 0.02%（95%CI：0.01%-0.06%）和 0.40%（95%CI：0.31%-0.51%）。有性行为的人中梅毒的流行率为 0.55%（95%CI：0.43%-0.70%）。梅毒的危险因素包括在浙江停留时间较短、少数民族身份、离婚或丧偶以及有多个性伴侣。
结论
需要更加努力地促进安全性行为，并为中国外来务工人员制定梅毒控制计划。
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