Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Sezione di Fisiologia, Università di Parma, 39 Via Volturno, 43100 Parma, Italy.
Brain Lang. 2013 Apr;125(1):54-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bandl.2013.01.012. Epub 2013 Feb 26.
Using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), motor evoked potentials (MEPs) were recorded from two antagonistic muscles, the first dorsal interosseus (FDI) of the hand and the extensor communis digitorum (EC) of the forearm. FDI is involved in grasping actions and EC in releasing. TMS pulses were delivered while participants were reading adjectives expressing either negative or positive pragmatic properties, at 150 ms after presentation of language material. Overall findings showed an interaction of adjective type (positive, negative) and muscle (FDI, EC), the effect being driven by a significant difference for negative adjectives. Further analysis aimed at investigating the effectiveness of positive adjectives showed a similar, but opposite, pattern of effects for the positive words in the initial two blocks. The present results indicate that, as for verbs and nouns, adjectives recruit the sensorimotor system, and their processing is best explained by an embodiment rather than an amodal approach to language.
采用经颅磁刺激（TMS）技术，从手部第一背侧骨间肌（FDI）和前臂伸指肌（EC）这两块拮抗肌上记录运动诱发电位（MEPs）。FDI 参与抓握动作，EC 参与释放。参与者阅读表达负面或正面语用特征的形容词时，语言材料呈现 150 毫秒后给予 TMS 脉冲。总体研究结果显示，形容词类型（正面、负面）和肌肉（FDI、EC）之间存在交互作用，这种影响是由负面形容词的显著差异驱动的。进一步的分析旨在研究积极形容词的有效性，结果表明，在最初的两个模块中，对于积极词汇，存在相似但相反的影响模式。本研究结果表明，与动词和名词一样，形容词也会激活感觉运动系统，对形容词的处理最好用体现论而不是非模态语言方法来解释。
