Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Prev Med. 2013 May;56(5):254-64. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.02.024. Epub 2013 Feb 27.
To assess the effectiveness of educational interventions including behavioral modification, nutrition and physical activity to prevent or treat childhood obesity through a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials.
A search of databases (PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane CENTRAL) and references of published studies (from inception until May 2012) was conducted. Eligible studies were randomized trials enrolling children 6 to 12 years old and assessing the impact of educational interventions during 6 months or longer on waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure and lipid profile to prevent or treat childhood obesity. Calculations were performed using a random effects method and pooled-effect estimates were obtained using the final values.
Of 22.852 articles retrieved, 26 trials (23.617 participants) were included. There were no differences in outcomes assessed in prevention studies. However, in treatment studies, educational interventions were associated with a significant reduction in waist circumference [-3.21 cm (95%CI -6.34, -0.07)], BMI [-0.86 kg/m(2) (95%CI -1.59, -0.14)] and diastolic blood pressure [-3.68 mmHg (95%CI -5.48, -1.88)].
Educational interventions are effective in treatment, but not prevention, of childhood obesity and its consequences.
通过对随机试验的系统评价和荟萃分析，评估包括行为修正、营养和身体活动在内的教育干预措施预防或治疗儿童肥胖的效果。
对数据库（PubMed、EMBASE 和 Cochrane CENTRAL）和已发表研究的参考文献（从开始到 2012 年 5 月）进行了检索。合格的研究是随机试验，纳入年龄在 6 至 12 岁之间的儿童，并评估 6 个月或更长时间的教育干预对腰围、体重指数（BMI）、血压和血脂谱的影响，以预防或治疗儿童肥胖。使用随机效应方法进行计算，并使用最终值获得汇总效应估计值。
在检索到的 22,852 篇文章中，有 26 项试验（23,617 名参与者）被纳入。在预防研究中，评估结果没有差异。然而，在治疗研究中，教育干预与腰围显著减少[-3.21cm（95%置信区间-6.34，-0.07）]、BMI[-0.86kg/m²（95%置信区间-1.59，-0.14）]和舒张压[-3.68mmHg（95%置信区间-5.48，-1.88）]有关。
教育干预在治疗儿童肥胖及其后果方面是有效的，但在预防方面无效。
