Bergman A B, Rivara F P, Richards D D, Rogers L W
Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, Seattle, WA 98104.
Am J Dis Child. 1990 Jun;144(6):727-31. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1990.02150300127033.
Though bicycle head trauma is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity, much of which can be mitigated by wearing protective helmets, in 1986, few schoolchildren in the area of Seattle, Wash, were observed to wear helmets. We describe the mechanics of a multifaceted campaign undertaken to alter this situation, involving a coalition of health, bicycle, and helmet industry organizations. These were the major objectives: (1) to convince parents that riding bicycles without helmets is hazardous, (2) to lower the price of helmets to more affordable levels, and (3) to overcome the reluctance of children to wear helmets. The campaign was successful; the sales of one brand of a youth helmet in the Seattle area rose from 1500 to 22,000 over a 3-year period, and the observed helmet usage rate among school-age children increased from 5% to 16% compared with a rise of only 1% to 3% in a control community, Portland, Ore.
尽管自行车头部创伤是导致死亡和发病的一个重要原因，其中大部分情况可通过佩戴防护头盔来缓解，但在1986年，很少观察到华盛顿州西雅图地区的学童佩戴头盔。我们描述了为改变这种状况而开展的一项多方面活动的运作方式，该活动涉及健康、自行车和头盔行业组织的联盟。这些是主要目标：（1）说服家长不戴头盔骑自行车是危险的；（2）将头盔价格降至更可承受的水平；（3）克服儿童不愿佩戴头盔的问题。该活动取得了成功；西雅图地区某一品牌青少年头盔的销量在3年时间里从1500个增至22000个，学龄儿童的头盔使用率从5%增至16%，而对照社区俄勒冈州波特兰市的头盔使用率仅从1%增至3%。
