Department of Veterinary Public Health, Key Laboratory of Zoologies of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Microbes Environ. 2013;28(2):251-6. doi: 10.1264/jsme2.me12178. Epub 2013 Mar 9.
Airborne bacteria are important biological components of the aerosols and have a close relationship with human health as they can have adverse effects through infection and toxicity; higher concentrations can result in various microbial diseases. Moreover, they have a great influence on air quality in Beijing. In this study, a systematic survey on culturable airborne bacteria was carried out for 1 year at a slaughtering plant in Beijing. Bacterial samples were collected with FA-1 sampler for 3 min, three times each day, for three consecutive days of each month from three sampling sites using BIOLOG identification technology. Results showed that Gram-positive bacteria contributed 80%-85% and were much more prevalent than Gram-negative bacteria. Amongst 47 genera of bacteria, including 31 Gram-positive bacteria and 16 Gram-negative bacteria, Micrococcus, Staphylococcus, Bacillus, Corynebacterium, and Pseudomonas were dominant, and Micrococcus, which contributed 20%-30%, was the most dominant genus. The concentration of airborne bacteria was significantly higher in shed used to stay chicken waiting for slaughtering (SSC) and entrances to personnel and transport vehicles with products (EPV) than in green belt (GB). During the year, bacterial concentrations in summer and autumn were much higher than in winter and spring in SSC and EPV, and there were no significant variations in bacterial concentrations in GB. In different periods, a lower concentration of airborne bacteria was found at 13:00.
空气中的细菌是气溶胶中重要的生物组成部分，它们与人类健康密切相关，因为它们可能通过感染和毒性产生不良影响；浓度较高会导致各种微生物疾病。此外，它们对北京的空气质量有很大的影响。本研究在北京的一家屠宰场进行了为期一年的可培养空气细菌的系统调查。使用 FA-1 采样器，每天采集三次，每次采集 3 分钟，每月连续采集三天，在三个采样点采集细菌样本，使用 BIOLOG 鉴定技术进行鉴定。结果表明，革兰氏阳性菌占 80%-85%，比革兰氏阴性菌更为常见。在 47 个细菌属中，包括 31 个革兰氏阳性菌和 16 个革兰氏阴性菌，其中优势菌属为微球菌属、葡萄球菌属、芽孢杆菌属、棒状杆菌属和假单胞菌属，微球菌属的丰度为 20%-30%，是最主要的属。在用于等待屠宰的鸡舍（SSC）和人员和运输车辆入口（EPV）中，空气中细菌的浓度明显高于绿化带（GB）。在一年中，SSC 和 EPV 中夏季和秋季的细菌浓度明显高于冬季和春季，而 GB 中细菌浓度没有明显变化。在不同时期，空气中细菌浓度在 13:00 时较低。
