International Spine Pain Institute, Story City, Iowa, USA.
Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2013 May;92(5):446-52. doi: 10.1097/PHM.0b013e3182876aa4.
Postoperative rehabilitation for lumbar radiculopathy has shown little effect on reducing pain and disability. Current preoperative education programs with a focus on a biomedical approach feature procedural and anatomical information, and these too have shown little effect on postoperative outcomes. This report describes the development of an evidence-based educational program and booklet for patients undergoing lumbar surgery for radiculopathy using a recently conducted systematic review of neuroscience education for musculoskeletal pain. The previous systematic review produced evidence for neuroscience education as well as best-evidence synthesis of the content and delivery methods for neuroscience education for musculoskeletal pain. These evidence statements were extracted and developed into patient-centered messages and a booklet, which was then evaluated by peer and patient review. The neuroscience educational booklet and preoperative program convey key messages from the previous systematic review aimed at reducing fear and anxiety before surgery and assist in developing realistic expectations regarding pain after surgery. Key topics include the decision to undergo surgery, pain processing, peripheral nerve sensitization, effect of anxiety and stress on pain, surgery and the nervous system, and decreasing nerve sensitization. Feedback from the evaluations of the booklet and preoperative program was favorable from all review groups, suggesting that this proposed evidence-based neuroscience educational program may be ready for clinical application.
术后康复对减轻腰痛性神经根病的疼痛和残疾几乎没有效果。目前以生物医学为重点的术前教育计划侧重于程序和解剖信息,这些也几乎没有对术后结果产生影响。本报告描述了一个基于证据的教育计划和小册子的开发,该计划针对因神经根病而行腰椎手术的患者,使用最近对神经科学教育治疗肌肉骨骼疼痛的系统评价。之前的系统评价提供了神经科学教育的证据,以及肌肉骨骼疼痛神经科学教育内容和交付方法的最佳证据综合。这些证据陈述被提取并发展成以患者为中心的信息和小册子,然后由同行和患者进行审查。神经科学教育小册子和术前计划传达了之前系统评价的关键信息,旨在减轻手术前的恐惧和焦虑,并帮助患者对手术后的疼痛产生现实的期望。主要主题包括手术决策、疼痛处理、周围神经敏化、焦虑和压力对疼痛的影响、手术和神经系统以及减少神经敏化。小册子和术前计划的评估反馈得到了所有审查小组的好评,这表明这个基于证据的神经科学教育计划可能已经准备好应用于临床。