Johnson Evan C, Kolkhorst Fred W, Richburg Allen, Schmitz Andy, Martinez John, Armstrong Lawrence E
Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
Curr Sports Med Rep. 2013 Mar-Apr;12(2):106-9. doi: 10.1249/JSR.0b013e31828940f9.
A triathlete collapsed with exertional heatstroke (EHS) during 2 races over 3 months. The American College of Sports Medicine recommends a heat tolerance test (HTT) following EHS if there is a concern with return to play. The classical walking HTT may not be the best test to evaluate elite triathletes' heat tolerance due to race intensity, nor is it suited to evaluate acclimation ability, which may play a role in risk of heat illness. Is the athlete capable of returning to racing or should he retire from sport due to heat intolerance? Up to 90 min of cycling (70% of V˙O2max; 36°C, 50% relative humidity) was followed by 9 d of exercise heat acclimation and a final identical exercise heat stress test. After acclimation, exercise duration before reaching a gastrointestinal temperature (Tgi) of 39.5°C increased 25 min, sweat rate increased 0.5 L·h, initial Tgi decreased 0.85°C, and rate of Tgi rise decreased 0.6°C·h. Adaptations were deemed acceptable, and the athlete was allowed to return to competition. The athlete has since raced in hot environments without incident.
一名铁人三项运动员在3个月内的两场比赛中因运动性中暑（EHS）而晕倒。如果担心运动员能否重返赛场，美国运动医学学院建议在EHS后进行耐热性测试（HTT）。由于比赛强度的原因，传统的步行HTT可能不是评估精英铁人三项运动员耐热性的最佳测试，它也不适用于评估适应能力，而适应能力可能在中暑风险中起作用。该运动员是否有能力重返比赛，还是由于耐热性差而应该退役？先进行长达90分钟的骑行（最大摄氧量的70%；36°C，相对湿度50%），然后进行9天的运动热适应，最后进行相同的运动热应激测试。适应后，在胃肠道温度（Tgi）达到39.5°C之前的运动持续时间增加了25分钟，出汗率增加了0.5L·h，初始Tgi降低了0.85°C，Tgi上升速率降低了0.6°C·h。这些适应被认为是可接受的，该运动员被允许重返比赛。此后，该运动员在炎热环境中参赛未再出现意外情况。
