University of Marilia - Unimar, Faculty of Medicine, Marilia, Sao Paulo State, Brazil.
Med Sci Monit. 2013 Mar 12;19:187-93. doi: 10.12659/MSM.883829.
Studies have shown cardiac changes induced by intense and regular physical activity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate cardiac structures and function in soccer players, cyclists and long-distance runners, and compare them with non-athlete controls.
Cardiac structural, systolic, and diastolic function parameters in 53 athletes and 36 non-athlete controls were evaluated by Doppler echocardiography.
Athletes presented higher left atrial volume, left ventricular (LV) thickness, and LV and right ventricular (RV) diastolic diameters (LVDD and RVDD, respectively) compared to non-athletes. Left atrium and LVDD were higher in cyclists than runners, and RVDD was higher in cyclists than soccer players. LV mass index was higher in athletes, and cyclists had higher values than runners and soccer players. LV systolic function did not differ significantly between groups. The only altered index of LV diastolic function was a higher E/A ratio in cyclists compared to controls. There was no difference in LV E/E' ratio. RV systolic function evaluated by tissue Doppler imaging was higher in cyclists and soccer players than runners. There were no conclusive differences in RV diastolic function.
Soccer players, runners and cyclists had remodeling of left and right ventricular structures compared to controls. Cardiac remodeling was more intense in cyclists than runners and soccer players.
已有研究表明，剧烈且规律的体育活动可引起心脏变化。本研究旨在评估足球运动员、自行车运动员和长跑运动员的心脏结构和功能，并与非运动员对照组进行比较。
通过多普勒超声心动图评估 53 名运动员和 36 名非运动员对照组的心脏结构、收缩和舒张功能参数。
与非运动员相比，运动员的左心房容积、左心室（LV）厚度以及 LV 和右心室（RV）舒张直径（LVDD 和 RVDD）更高。与长跑运动员相比，自行车运动员的左心房和 LVDD 更高，而 RVDD 则更高。运动员的 LV 质量指数更高，而自行车运动员的指数高于长跑运动员和足球运动员。LV 收缩功能在各组之间无显著差异。LV 舒张功能唯一改变的指标是自行车运动员的 E/A 比值高于对照组。LV E/E'比值无差异。组织多普勒成像评估的 RV 收缩功能在自行车运动员和足球运动员中高于长跑运动员。RV 舒张功能无明显差异。
与对照组相比，足球运动员、长跑运动员和自行车运动员的左右心室结构发生了重构。与长跑运动员和足球运动员相比，自行车运动员的心脏重构更为明显。
