Strang S P, Orlofsky J L
Department of Psychology, University of Missouri--St. Louis 63121-4499.
J Adolesc. 1990 Mar;13(1):39-52. doi: 10.1016/0140-1971(90)90040-e.
The study examined three factors thought to be involved in the etiology of suicidal ideation in adolescents: an absence or disruption of interpersonal attachments, a conviction of personal helplessness, and a sense of hopelessness regarding the future. Subjects, 191 college students age 21 or less, completed questionnaires assessing suicidal ideation, parent and peer attachments, locus of control, and hopelessness. Nearly 61 per cent of the subjects reported at least some degree of suicidal ideation, and 21 per cent reported moderate or high levels of ideation. Both low-level and moderate- to high-level ideators reported poorer relationships with their parents than non-ideators. In addition, compared to non-ideator and low-ideator subjects, moderate to high ideators reported poorer relationships with peers and greater convictions of helplessness and hopelessness about the future. No gender differences were found other than a suggestion that insecure attachment to parents may be a more important factor in the genesis of suicidal ideation in college women than men.
人际依恋的缺失或中断、个人无助感以及对未来的绝望感。研究对象为191名21岁及以下的大学生，他们完成了评估自杀意念、与父母及同伴的依恋关系、控制点和绝望感的问卷。近61%的研究对象报告至少有一定程度的自杀意念，21%报告有中度或高度的自杀意念。与无自杀意念者相比，低水平自杀意念者和中度至高度自杀意念者均报告与父母的关系较差。此外，与无自杀意念者和低自杀意念者相比，中度至高度自杀意念者报告与同伴的关系较差，且对未来的无助感和绝望感更强。除了有迹象表明，与男性相比，不安全的父母依恋可能是大学女生自杀意念产生的更重要因素外，未发现性别差异。
