Research Centre in Sports, Health and Human Development (CIDESD. ; University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Portugal.
J Hum Kinet. 2012 May;32:65-76. doi: 10.2478/v10078-012-0024-6. Epub 2012 May 30.
The aim of this work was to study the impact of the implementation of a mental training program on swimmers' chronometric performance, with national and international Portuguese swimmers, based on the goal setting model proposed by Vasconcelos-Raposo (2001). This longitudinal study comprised a sample of nine swimmers (four male and five female) aged between fourteen and twenty, with five to eleven years of competitive experience. All swimmers were submitted to an evaluation system during two years. The first season involved the implementation of the goal setting model, and the second season was only evaluation, totaling seven assessments over the two years. The main results showed a significant improvement in chronometric performance during psychological intervention, followed by a reduction in swimmers' performance in the second season, when there was no interference from the investigators (follow-up).
本研究旨在基于 Vasconcelos-Raposo（2001）提出的目标设定模型，探讨心理训练方案对国内外葡萄牙游泳运动员计时表现的影响。本纵向研究的样本包括 9 名年龄在 14 至 20 岁之间的游泳运动员（4 名男性和 5 名女性），他们的竞技经验在 5 至 11 年之间。所有游泳运动员在两年内接受评估系统的评估。第一个赛季涉及目标设定模型的实施，第二个赛季仅为评估，两年内共进行了 7 次评估。主要结果显示，在心理干预期间，计时表现有显著提高，随后在第二个赛季，当调查人员没有进行干预（随访）时，运动员的表现有所下降。
