Rabirad Narmela, Mohammad Nejad Esmaeil, Hadizadeh Mohammad Reza, Begjan Jamaloddin, Ehsani Seyyedeh Roghayeh
Department of Infection Control, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
Iran Red Crescent Med J. 2013 Jan;15(1):58-61. doi: 10.5812/ircmj.4401. Epub 2013 Jan 5.
HIV infection significantly increases the risk of tuberculosis and this disease is one of the most common opportunistic infections in HIV Patients.
The aim of this study was to determine of the prevalence of tuberculosis and risk factor among HIV patients.
In this cross-sectional study, from September 2009 to September 2010, 71 HIV patients who referred to teaching hospital in Tehran, Capital Iran were enrolled. Records of patients that admitted to hospital at least once a year and have positive test for HIV with ELISA and Western Blot were assessed. TB diagnosis testes included clinical finding, chest X-Ray and culture positive sputum.
74.6 % and 38 % of them had prison history and history of addiction respectively, 28.2% of subjects co- infected with HIV / TB and 40% of patients were under treatment with anti-retroviral drugs. There was relationship Between TB and CD4 counts below 200 cells per micro-liters (P = 0.003), age (P = 0.000), anti-retroviral drugs (P = 0.001), discharge status (P = 0.004), prison history (P = 0.002) and alcohol and smoking (P = 0.01).
The prevalence rate of TB / HIV among intravenous drug abusers and prisoners was high also the prevalence of tuberculosis among HIV patients.
HIV感染显著增加了患结核病的风险，且该病是HIV患者中最常见的机会性感染之一。
本研究旨在确定HIV患者中结核病的患病率及危险因素。
在这项横断面研究中，2009年9月至2010年9月，纳入了71名转诊至伊朗首都德黑兰教学医院的HIV患者。对每年至少入院一次且ELISA和Western Blot检测HIV呈阳性的患者记录进行评估。结核病诊断检测包括临床症状、胸部X线检查和痰培养阳性。
他们中分别有74.6%和38%有入狱史和成瘾史，28.2%的受试者合并感染HIV/TB，40%的患者正在接受抗逆转录病毒药物治疗。结核病与每微升低于200个细胞的CD4计数（P = 0.003）、年龄（P = 0.000）、抗逆转录病毒药物（P = 0.001）、出院状态（P = 0.004）、入狱史（P = 0.002）以及酗酒和吸烟（P = 0.01）之间存在关联。
静脉吸毒者和囚犯中TB/HIV的患病率较高，HIV患者中结核病的患病率也较高。
