Lee Marcus J C, Tidman Stephen J, Lay Brendan S, Bourke Paul D, Lloyd David G, Alderson Jacqueline A
School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
J Mot Behav. 2013;45(2):107-15. doi: 10.1080/00222895.2012.760512. Epub 2013 Mar 14.
The authors aimed to identify differences in (a) visual search and (b) reaction time when athletes sidestepped to intercept 2D versus 3D videoed opponents. They hypothesized that participants would (a) fixate on different parts of the opponent's body and (b) react quicker when responding to the 3D versus 2D opponent due to the added depth cues. A customized integrated stereoscopic system projected the video stimuli and synchronously recorded the gaze and motor behaviors of 10 men when they responded to two- (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) opponents. The number and duration of gaze fixations were coded according to locations on the opponent's body (head, shoulders, arms, trunk, pelvis, legs) or otherwise (other). Mediolateral pelvic movement was used to infer reaction time. Participants spent 16% less time fixating on the trunk and 23% more time outside the 3D opponent's body compared with the 2D stimulus. No reaction time differences were found. Although participants fixated less on the 3D opponent's body and, by inference, invested less perceptual processing toward interpreting the opponent's movements compared with the 2D condition, they performed the interception task equally fast in both conditions. Three-dimensional depth cues may provide more meaningful information per fixation for successful task performance.
作者旨在确定运动员在侧向移动拦截二维与三维视频对手时，（a）视觉搜索和（b）反应时间方面的差异。他们假设参与者会（a）注视对手身体的不同部位，并且（b）由于增加了深度线索，在应对三维对手与二维对手时反应会更快。一个定制的集成立体系统投射视频刺激，并同步记录了10名男性在应对二维和三维对手时的注视和运动行为。注视固定的次数和持续时间根据对手身体上的位置（头部、肩部、手臂、躯干、骨盆、腿部）或其他情况（其他）进行编码。使用骨盆的内外侧移动来推断反应时间。与二维刺激相比，参与者注视躯干的时间减少了16%，注视三维对手身体外部的时间增加了23%。未发现反应时间差异。尽管与二维情况相比，参与者较少注视三维对手的身体，并且由此推断在解释对手动作时投入的感知处理较少，但他们在两种情况下执行拦截任务的速度相同。三维深度线索可能在每次注视时为成功完成任务提供更有意义的信息。
