Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, University-Hospital Leipzig, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 18, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany; Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Department of Neurology, Stephanstr. 1A, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
Brain Lang. 2013 Dec;127(3):404-14. doi: 10.1016/j.bandl.2013.02.009. Epub 2013 Mar 11.
In two experiments we investigate how repeated exposure to native and non-native phonotactic regularities alters the N400, an event-related potential related to lexico-semantic access. Participants underwent a Passive Listening (Experiment 1) or a Categorization Training (Experiment 2) for monosyllabic pseudowords over 3 days. During Passive Listening participants solely listened to the stimuli while for Categorization Training they learned to assign items to two arbitrary categories by feedback. Notably, this task did not rely on phonotactic regularities. Before training, N400 was larger for legal compared to illegal items. Over the 3-day exposure Passive Listening yielded a significant decrease in N400-amplitude for illegal pseudowords, however, this effect was abolished and partially inverted by the Categorization Training. We suggest the decrease in N400-amplitude indicates more efficient discrimination between native and non-native pseudowords since only the former are potential lexical candidates. On the contrary, Categorization Training introduces a 'protosemantic' context overriding prelexical selection processes.
在两项实验中，我们研究了重复接触母语和非母语语音规则如何改变 N400，N400 是一种与词汇语义获取相关的事件相关电位。参与者在 3 天内接受了单音节假词的被动听力（实验 1）或分类训练（实验 2）。在被动听力中，参与者仅听刺激，而在分类训练中，他们通过反馈学会将项目分配到两个任意类别。值得注意的是，该任务不依赖于语音规则。在训练之前，合法项目的 N400 比非法项目大。在 3 天的暴露中，被动听力导致非法假词的 N400 振幅显著降低，但是，这种效应被分类训练消除并部分反转。我们认为 N400 振幅的降低表明对母语和非母语假词的区分效率更高，因为只有前者是潜在的词汇候选词。相反，分类训练引入了一个“原型语义”上下文，覆盖了预词汇选择过程。
