Gow David W, Schoenhaut Adriana, Avcu Enes, Ahlfors Seppo P
Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.
Department of Psychology, Salem State University, Salem, MA, United States.
Front Psychol. 2021 Mar 10;12:590155. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.590155. eCollection 2021.
Processes governing the creation, perception and production of spoken words are sensitive to the patterns of speech sounds in the language user's lexicon. Generative linguistic theory suggests that listeners infer constraints on possible sound patterning from the lexicon and apply these constraints to all aspects of word use. In contrast, emergentist accounts suggest that these phonotactic constraints are a product of interactive associative mapping with items in the lexicon. To determine the degree to which phonotactic constraints are lexically mediated, we observed the effects of learning new words that violate English phonotactic constraints (e.g., ) on phonotactic perceptual repair processes in nonword consonant-consonant-vowel (CCV) stimuli (e.g., /sre/). Subjects who learned such words were less likely to "repair" illegal onset clusters (/sr/) and report them as legal ones (/∫r/). Effective connectivity analyses of MRI-constrained reconstructions of simultaneously collected magnetoencephalography (MEG) and EEG data showed that these behavioral shifts were accompanied by changes in the strength of influences of lexical areas on acoustic-phonetic areas. These results strengthen the interpretation of previous results suggesting that phonotactic constraints on perception are produced by top-down lexical influences on speech processing.
支配口语单词的创造、感知和产生的过程对语言使用者词汇库中的语音模式很敏感。生成语言学理论表明，听众从词汇库中推断出对可能的语音模式的限制，并将这些限制应用于单词使用的各个方面。相比之下，涌现主义观点认为，这些音位结构限制是与词汇库中的项目进行交互式联想映射的产物。为了确定音位结构限制在多大程度上由词汇介导，我们观察了学习违反英语音位结构限制的新单词（例如 ）对非单词辅音-辅音-元音（CCV）刺激（例如 /sre/）中的音位感知修复过程的影响。学习了这类单词的受试者不太可能“修复”非法的起始音丛（/sr/）并将它们报告为合法的音丛（/∫r/）。对同时收集的脑磁图（MEG）和脑电图（EEG）数据进行的MRI约束重建的有效连接分析表明，这些行为变化伴随着词汇区域对声学语音区域影响强度的变化。这些结果强化了对先前结果的解释，表明对感知的音位结构限制是由词汇对语音处理的自上而下的影响产生的。
