Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Am J Hematol. 2013 Apr;88(4):261-4. doi: 10.1002/ajh.23397. Epub 2013 Mar 12.
Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) a common, under-recognized disorder disrupts sleep and diminishes quality of life. Despite a clear relation between low peripheral iron and increased prevalence and severity of RLS, the prevalence and clinical significance of RLS in iron-deficient anemic (IDA) populations is unknown. In this study all new patients referred for anemia to a community-based hematology practice over a 1-year period (March 2011-2012) were included if they had IDA and no RLS treatment. Patients completed a validated questionnaire identifying RLS, blood tests, and a sleep-vitality questionnaire (SVQ). Patients with RLS were compared to patients with no RLS for differences on SVQ, blood tests, baseline characteristics, and sleep quality. Three hundred forty-three patients were evaluated and 251 (89.2% female, average age of 45.6 years) included in the study. The prevalence of clinically significant RLS (RLS sufferers) was 23.9%, nine times higher than the general population. IDA-RLS sufferers reported poorer quality of sleep, decreased sleep time, increased tiredness, and decreased energy during the day compared to patients with IDA without RLS. Blood tests did not relate to RLS diagnosis but RLS was less likely for African-American than Caucasian patients. Clinically significant RLS occurs commonly with IDA producing much greater disruption of sleep and shorter sleep times than does IDA alone. This indicates the need for identification of RLS with IDA and consideration of appropriate therapeutic interventions for this sizeable subgroup: either aggressive iron treatment to reduce the RLS symptoms or medications for RLS or both.
不宁腿综合征（RLS）是一种常见但未被充分认识的疾病，它会扰乱睡眠并降低生活质量。尽管外周铁含量低与 RLS 的患病率和严重程度增加之间存在明确关系，但缺铁性贫血（IDA）人群中 RLS 的患病率和临床意义尚不清楚。在这项研究中，所有在社区血液科就诊的新贫血患者（2011 年 3 月至 2012 年），如果他们患有 IDA 且无 RLS 治疗，则纳入研究。患者完成了一份识别 RLS 的有效问卷、血液检查和睡眠活力问卷（SVQ）。将 RLS 患者与无 RLS 患者进行比较，以比较 SVQ、血液检查、基线特征和睡眠质量的差异。共评估了 343 例患者，其中 251 例（89.2%为女性，平均年龄为 45.6 岁）纳入研究。临床上显著 RLS（RLS 患者）的患病率为 23.9%，是一般人群的 9 倍。与 IDA 无 RLS 患者相比，IDA-RLS 患者报告睡眠质量较差、睡眠时间减少、疲劳增加和白天精力减少。血液检查与 RLS 诊断无关，但非裔美国患者发生 RLS 的可能性小于白种人患者。临床上显著的 RLS 常见于 IDA，与单纯 IDA 相比，它会导致更大的睡眠中断和更短的睡眠时间。这表明需要识别 IDA 患者中的 RLS，并考虑对这一相当大的亚组进行适当的治疗干预：要么进行积极的铁治疗以减轻 RLS 症状，要么进行 RLS 药物治疗，或者两者兼而有之。
