Paris Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U676, Paris, France; PremUP Foundation.
Ann Neurol. 2013 Apr;73(4):442-8. doi: 10.1002/ana.23842. Epub 2013 Mar 12.
Nitric oxide (NO) is a powerful vasodilator, involved in both physiological functions and pathophysiological alterations of various regulatory processes, for example, the maintenance of vascular tone and inflammation. The recently demonstrated impact of exogenous NO on the central nervous system extends its role under normal and pathological conditions. At times neuroprotective, at times neurotoxic, NO is capable of different effects depending upon the extent of cerebral damage, the cellular redox state, and the spatiotemporal coordinates and concentration at which it is synthesized. This review provides new insights into the short- and long-term effects of endogenous and exogenous NO in brain injury.
一氧化氮（NO）是一种强大的血管舒张剂，参与多种调节过程的生理和病理改变，例如维持血管张力和炎症。最近发现的外源性 NO 对中枢神经系统的影响扩展了其在正常和病理条件下的作用。NO 有时具有神经保护作用，有时具有神经毒性作用，其作用取决于脑损伤的程度、细胞氧化还原状态以及合成它的时空坐标和浓度。本文综述了内源性和外源性 NO 在脑损伤中的短期和长期作用的新见解。
