Department of Dentistry College of Health sciences, Makerere University, P,O, Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda.
BMC Oral Health. 2013 Mar 16;13:15. doi: 10.1186/1472-6831-13-15.
Tooth eruption is a continuous biological process by which developing teeth emerge through the jaws and the overlying mucosa to enter into the oral cavity. Tooth eruption time and sequence are important factors in dental treatment planning, particularly in orthodontics, but also in forensic dentistry to estimate age of a child. Tooth eruption time is influenced by many factors. In this study we set out to determine the timing of eruption of permanent teeth and assess its association with the height and weight of school children aged 4-15 years in Kampala, Uganda.
This was a cross sectional study comprising of 1041 healthy Ugandan children: boys/girls (520/521) who were consecutively selected from two primary schools in Kampala. The children were clinically assessed for tooth emergency through the oral mucosa as well as measuring their weight and height. The mean and standard deviation of tooth eruption time was estimated for boys and girls. Bivariate analysis was used to assess any significant association between tooth eruption time and demographic variables. Pearson and partial correlation analyses were used to assess any significant association between the tooth eruption time and anthropometric measurements of the children.
Generally, the mean eruption times for girls were lower compared to boys except for three teeth (#25, #32 and #42) which erupted earlier in boys. The average difference in mean eruption times of all teeth between boys and girls was found to be 0.8 (range, 0-1.5) years. In partial correlation analysis, mean tooth eruption times were positively, but not significantly associated with height while controlling for weight except for the mandibular left central incisor (#31). On the other hand, in partial correlation analysis, mean tooth eruption times were positively associated with weight while controlling for height except for tooth #11, #16, #26 and #41. The weight of the child was significantly correlated with mean eruption times in 50% of the teeth.
In the present study, the mean tooth eruption times for girls were lower compared to boys except for three teeth (#25, #32 and #42). The height of the child did not show any significant influence on the tooth eruption times while the influence of weight on tooth eruption times was non-conclusive.
牙齿萌出是一个连续的生物学过程，在此过程中，正在发育的牙齿通过颌骨和覆盖的黏膜穿出并进入口腔。牙齿萌出的时间和顺序是牙科治疗计划的重要因素，特别是在正畸学中，但在法医牙科中也用于估计儿童的年龄。牙齿萌出时间受多种因素影响。在本研究中，我们旨在确定恒牙萌出的时间，并评估其与乌干达坎帕拉市 4-15 岁学龄儿童身高和体重的关系。
这是一项横断面研究，共纳入 1041 名健康的乌干达儿童：男孩/女孩（520/521），他们连续从坎帕拉的两所小学中选择。通过口腔黏膜对儿童进行临床评估，以确定牙齿萌出情况，并测量他们的体重和身高。分别估计男孩和女孩的牙齿萌出时间的平均值和标准差。采用双变量分析评估牙齿萌出时间与人口统计学变量之间是否存在显著关联。采用 Pearson 和偏相关分析评估牙齿萌出时间与儿童的人体测量学测量值之间是否存在显著关联。
一般来说，女孩的平均萌出时间比男孩低，但有 3 颗牙齿（#25、#32 和#42）在男孩中更早萌出。男孩和女孩的所有牙齿的平均萌出时间平均差异为 0.8 岁（范围，0-1.5 岁）。在偏相关分析中，在控制体重的情况下，除下颌左侧中切牙（#31）外，牙齿萌出时间的平均值与身高呈正相关，但无统计学意义。另一方面，在偏相关分析中，在控制身高的情况下，除了#11、#16、#26 和#41 之外，牙齿萌出时间的平均值与体重呈正相关。儿童的体重与 50%的牙齿的平均萌出时间呈显著相关。
在本研究中，女孩的平均牙齿萌出时间比男孩低，但有 3 颗牙齿（#25、#32 和#42）除外。儿童的身高对牙齿萌出时间没有显著影响，而体重对牙齿萌出时间的影响尚无定论。
